{"name":"گاهنامهٔ مشروطه","about":"The public encyclopedia of the Iranian Constitutional Revolution (Mashruteh): events, people, decrees, the 1906 constitution, and the years that followed.","aboutFa":"دانشنامهٔ همگانی انقلاب مشروطهٔ ایران. رویدادها، رجال، فرمان‌ها و قانون اساسی این جنبش، و سال‌هایی که از پی آن آمد.","calendars":{"primary":"hijri-shamsi","also":["imperial-shahanshahi (shamsi + 1180)","gregorian"]},"endpoints":{"catalog":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/catalog","full":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/full","llms":"https://mashrooteh.org/llms.txt","fullMarkdown":"https://mashrooteh.org/llms-full.txt","feed":"https://mashrooteh.org/feed.xml","entry":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/{person|event|monarch|period}/{id}","entryMarkdown":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/{kind}/{id}?format=md"},"counts":{"people":83,"events":111,"monarchs":14,"periods":13,"sources":13},"people":[{"id":"mozaffar-person","kind":"person","name":"مظفرالدین‌شاه","role":"شاه فرمان و قانون اساسی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/mozaffar-person","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mozaffar-person","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mozaffar-person?format=md","aliases":["مظفر الدین","مظفرالدین شاه","مظفرالدین‌شاه"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۳۲","imperial":"۲۴۱۲","gregorian":"۱۸۵۳","solarYear":1232,"gregorianYear":1853},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۸ دی ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۱۸ دی ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۸ ژانویه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":10,"solarDay":18,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":1,"gregorianDay":8}},{"id":"mohammad-ali-person","kind":"person","name":"محمدعلی‌شاه","role":"شاه کودتا و استبداد صغیر","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/mohammad-ali-person","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mohammad-ali-person","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mohammad-ali-person?format=md","aliases":["محمد علی شاه","محمدعلی میرزا","محمد علی میرزا"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۵۱","imperial":"۲۴۳۱","gregorian":"۱۸۷۲","solarYear":1251,"gregorianYear":1872},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۶ فروردین ۱۳۰۴","imperial":"۱۶ فروردین ۲۴۸۴","gregorian":"۵ آوریل ۱۹۲۵","solarYear":1304,"solarMonth":1,"solarDay":16,"gregorianYear":1925,"gregorianMonth":4,"gregorianDay":5}},{"id":"ahmad-person","kind":"person","name":"احمدشاه","role":"شاه صغیر پس از فتح تهران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/ahmad-person","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/ahmad-person","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/ahmad-person?format=md","aliases":["احمد شاه","سلطان احمدشاه","احمدشاه قاجار"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۷۶","imperial":"۲۴۵۶","gregorian":"۱۸۹۸","solarYear":1276,"gregorianYear":1898},"died":{"shamsi":"۹ اسفند ۱۳۰۸","imperial":"۹ اسفند ۲۴۸۸","gregorian":"۲۸ فوریه ۱۹۳۰","solarYear":1308,"solarMonth":12,"solarDay":9,"gregorianYear":1930,"gregorianMonth":2,"gregorianDay":28}},{"id":"ain-al-dowleh","kind":"person","name":"عبدالمجید میرزا عین‌الدوله","role":"صدراعظم آغاز جنبش؛ سپس فرماندهٔ سپاه دولتی بر تبریز","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/ain-al-dowleh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/ain-al-dowleh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/ain-al-dowleh?format=md","aliases":["عین الدوله","عین‌الدوله","عبدالمجید میرزا","عین الدوله قاجار"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۲۴","imperial":"۲۴۰۴","gregorian":"۱۸۴۵","solarYear":1224,"gregorianYear":1845},"died":{"shamsi":"۷ آبان ۱۳۰۶","imperial":"۷ آبان ۲۴۸۶","gregorian":"۳۰ اکتبر ۱۹۲۷","solarYear":1306,"solarMonth":8,"solarDay":7,"gregorianYear":1927,"gregorianMonth":10,"gregorianDay":30}},{"id":"amin-al-soltan","kind":"person","name":"میرزا علی‌اصغرخان امین‌السلطان","role":"صدراعظم سه‌پادشاه قاجار؛ کشتهٔ بهارستان","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/amin-al-soltan","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/amin-al-soltan","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/amin-al-soltan?format=md","aliases":["اتابک","امین السلطان","امین‌السلطان","علی اصغر خان","اتابک اعظم"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۳۷","imperial":"۲۴۱۷","gregorian":"۱۸۵۸","solarYear":1237,"gregorianYear":1858},"died":{"shamsi":"۸ شهریور ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۸ شهریور ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۳۱ اوت ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":6,"solarDay":8,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":8,"gregorianDay":31}},{"id":"amin-al-dowleh","kind":"person","name":"میرزا علی‌خان امین‌الدوله","role":"صدراعظم اصلاح‌گر پیش از مشروطه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/amin-al-dowleh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/amin-al-dowleh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/amin-al-dowleh?format=md","aliases":["امین الدوله","امین‌الدوله","میرزا علی خان","میرزا علی خان امین الدوله"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۲۲","imperial":"۲۴۰۲","gregorian":"۱۸۴۴","solarYear":1222,"gregorianYear":1844},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۸۳","imperial":"۲۴۶۳","gregorian":"۱۹۰۴","solarYear":1283,"gregorianYear":1904}},{"id":"amir-bahador","kind":"person","name":"حسین‌پاشاخان امیربهادر جنگ","role":"وزیر دربار و فرماندهٔ قشون ضد مشروطه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/amir-bahador","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/amir-bahador","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/amir-bahador?format=md","aliases":["امیر بهادر","امیربهادر","امیربهادر جنگ","پاشاخان قره‌باغی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۳۰","imperial":"۲۴۱۰","gregorian":"۱۸۵۱","solarYear":1230,"gregorianYear":1851},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۹۷","imperial":"۲۴۷۷","gregorian":"۱۹۱۸","solarYear":1297,"gregorianYear":1918}},{"id":"saad-al-dowleh","kind":"person","name":"میرزا جوادخان سعدالدوله","role":"دیپلمات و وکیل مجلس اول؛ چهرهٔ میانه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/saad-al-dowleh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/saad-al-dowleh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/saad-al-dowleh?format=md","aliases":["سعد الدوله","سعد‌الدوله","سعدالدوله","میرزا جواد خان سعدالدوله"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۳۵","imperial":"۲۴۱۵","gregorian":"۱۸۵۶","solarYear":1235,"gregorianYear":1856},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۳۰۹","imperial":"۲۴۸۹","gregorian":"۱۹۳۰","solarYear":1309,"gregorianYear":1930}},{"id":"naser-al-molk","kind":"person","name":"ابوالقاسم‌خان ناصرالملک","role":"نایب‌السلطنهٔ احمدشاه؛ متمایل به لندن","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/naser-al-molk","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/naser-al-molk","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/naser-al-molk?format=md","aliases":["ناصر الملک","ناصرالملک","ابوالقاسم خان قراگوزلو","نایب السلطنه"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۳۵","imperial":"۲۴۱۵","gregorian":"۱۸۵۶","solarYear":1235,"gregorianYear":1856},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۳۰۶","imperial":"۲۴۸۶","gregorian":"۱۹۲۷","solarYear":1306,"gregorianYear":1927}},{"id":"shapshal","kind":"person","name":"سرگی مارکویچ شابشال","role":"مشاور روسی و معلم محمدعلی‌شاه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/shapshal","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/shapshal","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/shapshal?format=md","aliases":["شاپشال","شابشال","مسیو شابشال"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۵۲","imperial":"۲۴۳۲","gregorian":"۱۸۷۳","solarYear":1252,"gregorianYear":1873},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۳۴۰","imperial":"۲۵۲۰","gregorian":"۱۹۶۱","solarYear":1340,"gregorianYear":1961}},{"id":"zell-e-soltan","kind":"person","name":"مسعود میرزا ظل‌السلطان","role":"شاهزادهٔ مقتدر اصفهان؛ رقیب کنارگذاشته‌شدهٔ ولیعهدی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/zell-e-soltan","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/zell-e-soltan","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/zell-e-soltan?format=md","aliases":["ظل السلطان","ظل‌السلطان","مسعود میرزا"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۲۸","imperial":"۲۴۰۸","gregorian":"۱۸۵۰","solarYear":1228,"gregorianYear":1850},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۹۷","imperial":"۲۴۷۷","gregorian":"۱۹۱۸","solarYear":1297,"gregorianYear":1918}},{"id":"sepahsalar","kind":"person","name":"میرزا حسین‌خان مشیرالدوله سپهسالار","role":"صدراعظم نوساز عهد ناصری؛ بنیان‌گذار کابینه هیئت وزرا","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/sepahsalar","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sepahsalar","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sepahsalar?format=md","aliases":["میرزا حسین خان سپهسالار","سپهسالار","مشیرالدوله قزوینی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۰۶","imperial":"۲۳۸۶","gregorian":"۱۸۲۷","solarYear":1206,"gregorianYear":1827},"died":{"shamsi":"شهریور ۱۲۵۹","imperial":"شهریور ۲۴۳۹","gregorian":"۱۸۸۱","solarYear":1259,"solarMonth":6,"gregorianYear":1881}},{"id":"amin-al-zarb","kind":"person","name":"حاج محمدحسن امین‌الضرب","role":"بزرگ‌تاجر و رئیس ضرابخانه؛ بانی مجلس وکلای تجار","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/amin-al-zarb","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/amin-al-zarb","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/amin-al-zarb?format=md","aliases":["محمدحسن اصفهانی امین‌الضرب","امین الضرب","امین‌الضرب"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۱۶","imperial":"۲۳۹۶","gregorian":"۱۸۳۷","solarYear":1216,"gregorianYear":1837},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۷۷","imperial":"۲۴۵۷","gregorian":"۱۸۹۸","solarYear":1277,"gregorianYear":1898}},{"id":"ehtesham-al-saltaneh","kind":"person","name":"محمودخان احتشام‌السلطنه","role":"دیپلمات تجددخواه؛ رئیس مجلس اول شورای ملی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/ehtesham-al-saltaneh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/ehtesham-al-saltaneh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/ehtesham-al-saltaneh?format=md","aliases":["احتشام السلطنه","احتشام‌السلطنه","محمود علامیر"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۴۱","imperial":"۲۴۲۱","gregorian":"۱۸۶۲","solarYear":1241,"gregorianYear":1862},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۳۱۴","imperial":"۲۴۹۴","gregorian":"۱۹۳۵","solarYear":1314,"gregorianYear":1935}},{"id":"ala-al-dowleh","kind":"person","name":"احمدخان علاءالدوله","role":"حاکم مستبد و منضبط تهران؛ مجری فلک تجار قند","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/ala-al-dowleh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/ala-al-dowleh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/ala-al-dowleh?format=md","aliases":["علاء الدوله","علاء‌الدوله","احمد خان قاجار دولو"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۳۷","imperial":"۲۴۱۷","gregorian":"۱۸۵۸","solarYear":1237,"gregorianYear":1858},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۹۰","imperial":"۲۴۷۰","gregorian":"۱۹۱۱","solarYear":1290,"gregorianYear":1911}},{"id":"joseph-naus","kind":"person","name":"مسیو ژوزف نوز","role":"وزیر بلژیکی گمرکات؛ نماد نفوذ اقتصادی بیگانگان","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/joseph-naus","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/joseph-naus","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/joseph-naus?format=md","aliases":["مسیو نوز","نوز بلژیکی","ژوزف نوز"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۳۲","imperial":"۲۴۱۲","gregorian":"۱۸۵۳","solarYear":1232,"gregorianYear":1853},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۹۹","imperial":"۲۴۷۹","gregorian":"۱۹۲۰","solarYear":1299,"gregorianYear":1920}},{"id":"arbab-jamshid","kind":"person","name":"ارباب جمشید جمشیدیان","role":"بانکدار و حامی مالی مشروطه؛ نماینده زرتشتیان در مجلس اول","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/arbab-jamshid","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/arbab-jamshid","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/arbab-jamshid?format=md","aliases":["ارباب جمشید","جمشید جمشیدیان","ارباب جمشید یزدی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۳۰","imperial":"۲۴۱۰","gregorian":"۱۸۵۱","solarYear":1230,"gregorianYear":1851},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۶ دی ۱۳۱۲","imperial":"۱۶ دی ۲۴۹۲","gregorian":"۱۹۳۳","solarYear":1312,"solarMonth":10,"solarDay":16,"gregorianYear":1933}},{"id":"zahir-al-dowleh","kind":"person","name":"علی‌خان قاجار ظهیرالدوله","role":"بنیان‌گذار انجمن اخوت؛ دولتمرد آزادی‌خواه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/zahir-al-dowleh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/zahir-al-dowleh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/zahir-al-dowleh?format=md","aliases":["علی خان ظهیرالدوله","ظهیرالدوله","صفاعلی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۴۳","imperial":"۲۴۲۳","gregorian":"۱۸۶۴","solarYear":1243,"gregorianYear":1864},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۳۰۳","imperial":"۲۴۸۳","gregorian":"۱۹۲۴","solarYear":1303,"gregorianYear":1924}},{"id":"moshir-al-dowleh","kind":"person","name":"میرزا نصرالله خان مشیرالدوله نایینی","role":"نخستین صدراعظم مشروطه و سازمان‌دهنده انتقال قانونی قدرت","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/moshir-al-dowleh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/moshir-al-dowleh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/moshir-al-dowleh?format=md","aliases":["مشیرالدوله","میرزا نصرالله خان","میرزا نصرالله خان مشیرالدوله","نصرالله خان مشیرالدوله","مشیرالدوله نایینی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۱۹","imperial":"۲۳۹۹","gregorian":"۱۸۴۰","solarYear":1219,"gregorianYear":1840},"died":{"shamsi":"۲۲ شهریور ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۲۲ شهریور ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۱۳ سپتامبر ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":6,"solarDay":22,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":9,"gregorianDay":13}},{"id":"salar-al-dowleh","kind":"person","name":"ابوالفتح میرزا سالارالدوله","role":"شاهزاده مدعی تاج‌وتخت و سرکرده طغیان ایلی غرب کشور","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/salar-al-dowleh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/salar-al-dowleh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/salar-al-dowleh?format=md","aliases":["سالارالدوله","سالار الدوله","ابوالفتح میرزا","شاهزاده ابوالفتح میرزا"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۶۰","imperial":"۲۴۴۰","gregorian":"۱۸۸۱","solarYear":1260,"gregorianYear":1881},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۳۳۸","imperial":"۲۵۱۸","gregorian":"۱۹۵۹","solarYear":1338,"gregorianYear":1959}},{"id":"farmanfarma-person","kind":"person","name":"عبدالحسین میرزا فرمانفرما","role":"فرمانده نظامی و دولتمرد ارشد قاجار در ادوار مشروطه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/farmanfarma-person","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/farmanfarma-person","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/farmanfarma-person?format=md","aliases":["فرمانفرما","عبدالحسین میرزا","عبدالحسین میرزا فرمانفرما","شاهزاده فرمانفرما"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۳۶","imperial":"۲۴۱۶","gregorian":"۱۸۵۷","solarYear":1236,"gregorianYear":1857},"died":{"shamsi":"آبان ۱۳۱۸","imperial":"آبان ۲۴۹۸","gregorian":"نوامبر ۱۹۳۹","solarYear":1318,"solarMonth":8,"gregorianYear":1939,"gregorianMonth":11}},{"id":"moin-al-tojjar","kind":"person","name":"حاج محمدتقی معین‌التجار بوشهری","role":"سخنگوی اقتصادی تجار در مجلس اول و پیشگام تأسیس بانک ملی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/moin-al-tojjar","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/moin-al-tojjar","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/moin-al-tojjar?format=md","aliases":["معین التجار","معین‌التجار","معین‌التجار بوشهری","حاج محمدتقی بوشهری"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۳۸","imperial":"۲۴۱۸","gregorian":"۱۸۵۹","solarYear":1238,"gregorianYear":1859},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۳۱۲","imperial":"۲۴۹۲","gregorian":"۱۹۳۳","solarYear":1312,"gregorianYear":1933}},{"id":"sultan-ali-vazir-afkham","kind":"person","name":"سلطانعلی‌خان وزیر افخم","role":"رئیس کابینه موقت پس از استعفای مشیرالدوله","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/sultan-ali-vazir-afkham","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sultan-ali-vazir-afkham","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sultan-ali-vazir-afkham?format=md","aliases":["وزیر افخم","سلطانعلی خان","سلطانعلی‌خان"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۴۱","imperial":"۲۴۲۱","gregorian":"۱۸۶۲","solarYear":1241,"gregorianYear":1862},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۹۳","imperial":"۲۴۷۳","gregorian":"۱۹۱۴","solarYear":1293,"gregorianYear":1914}},{"id":"eqbal-al-saltaneh-maku","kind":"person","name":"مرتضی‌قلی اقبال‌السلطنه ماکوئی","role":"حکمران ماکو؛ هماورد مجاهدان خوی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/eqbal-al-saltaneh-maku","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/eqbal-al-saltaneh-maku","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/eqbal-al-saltaneh-maku?format=md","aliases":["اقبال‌السلطنه ماکوئی","مرتضی‌قلی اقبال‌السلطنه","اقبال‌السلطنه ماکو"],"born":null,"died":null},{"id":"tabatabai","kind":"person","name":"سید محمد طباطبایی","role":"پیشوای روحانی مشروطه در تهران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/tabatabai","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/tabatabai","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/tabatabai?format=md","aliases":["طباطبایی","طباطبائی","سید محمد طباطبایی","سیدمحمد طباطبایی","آقا سید محمد"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۲۱","imperial":"۲۴۰۱","gregorian":"۱۸۴۲","solarYear":1221,"gregorianYear":1842},"died":{"shamsi":"۸ دی ۱۲۹۹","imperial":"۸ دی ۲۴۷۹","gregorian":"۲۹ دسامبر ۱۹۲۰","solarYear":1299,"solarMonth":10,"solarDay":8,"gregorianYear":1920,"gregorianMonth":12,"gregorianDay":29}},{"id":"behbahani","kind":"person","name":"سید عبدالله بهبهانی","role":"پیشوای سیاسی‌تر روحانیان مشروطه‌خواه تهران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/behbahani","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/behbahani","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/behbahani?format=md","aliases":["بهبهانی","سید عبدالله بهبهانی","سیدعبدالله بهبهانی","آقا سید عبدالله"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۱۹","imperial":"۲۳۹۹","gregorian":"۱۸۴۰","solarYear":1219,"gregorianYear":1840},"died":{"shamsi":"۲۴ تیر ۱۲۸۹","imperial":"۲۴ تیر ۲۴۶۹","gregorian":"۱۵ ژوئیه ۱۹۱۰","solarYear":1289,"solarMonth":4,"solarDay":24,"gregorianYear":1910,"gregorianMonth":7,"gregorianDay":15}},{"id":"sheikh-fazlollah","kind":"person","name":"شیخ فضل‌الله نوری","role":"پیشوای شرعی مخالف مشروطهٔ عرفی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/sheikh-fazlollah","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sheikh-fazlollah","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sheikh-fazlollah?format=md","aliases":["شیخ فضل الله","شیخ فضل‌الله","نوری","فضل‌الله نوری","شیخ فضل الله نوری"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۲۲","imperial":"۲۴۰۲","gregorian":"۱۸۴۳","solarYear":1222,"gregorianYear":1843},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۱ مرداد ۱۲۸۸","imperial":"۱۱ مرداد ۲۴۶۸","gregorian":"۳۱ ژوئیه ۱۹۰۹","solarYear":1288,"solarMonth":5,"solarDay":11,"gregorianYear":1909,"gregorianMonth":7,"gregorianDay":31}},{"id":"akhund-khorasani","kind":"person","name":"ملا محمدکاظم آخوند خراسانی","role":"پشتیبان نجفی مشروطه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/akhund-khorasani","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/akhund-khorasani","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/akhund-khorasani?format=md","aliases":["آخوند خراسانی","آخوند","محمدکاظم خراسانی","ملا محمد کاظم"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۱۸","imperial":"۲۳۹۸","gregorian":"۱۸۳۹","solarYear":1218,"gregorianYear":1839},"died":{"shamsi":"۲۱ آذر ۱۲۹۰","imperial":"۲۱ آذر ۲۴۷۰","gregorian":"۱۲ دسامبر ۱۹۱۱","solarYear":1290,"solarMonth":9,"solarDay":21,"gregorianYear":1911,"gregorianMonth":12,"gregorianDay":12}},{"id":"mazandarani","kind":"person","name":"شیخ عبدالله مازندرانی","role":"مرجع حامی مشروطه در نجف","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/mazandarani","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mazandarani","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mazandarani?format=md","aliases":["مازندرانی","شیخ عبدالله مازندرانی","عبدالله مازندرانی"],"born":null,"died":null},{"id":"seqat-al-islam","kind":"person","name":"میرزا علی ثقةالاسلام تبریزی","role":"مجتهد تبریز؛ کشتهٔ اشغال روس","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/seqat-al-islam","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/seqat-al-islam","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/seqat-al-islam?format=md","aliases":["ثقة الاسلام","ثقةالاسلام","ثقةالاسلام تبریزی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۴۰","imperial":"۲۴۲۰","gregorian":"۱۸۶۱","solarYear":1240,"gregorianYear":1861},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۰ دی ۱۲۹۰","imperial":"۱۰ دی ۲۴۷۰","gregorian":"۱ ژانویه ۱۹۱۲","solarYear":1290,"solarMonth":10,"solarDay":10,"gregorianYear":1912,"gregorianMonth":1,"gregorianDay":1}},{"id":"mirzaye-shirazi","kind":"person","name":"آیت‌الله العظمی میرزا محمدحسن شیرازی","role":"مرجع اعلای شیعه؛ صادرکننده فتوای تحریم تنباکو","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/mirzaye-shirazi","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mirzaye-shirazi","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mirzaye-shirazi?format=md","aliases":["میرزای شیرازی","میرزا حسن شیرازی","مجدد شیرازی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۱۹۳","imperial":"۲۳۷۳","gregorian":"۱۸۱۵","solarYear":1193,"gregorianYear":1815},"died":{"shamsi":"۲۴ بهمن ۱۲۷۳","imperial":"۲۴ بهمن ۲۴۵۳","gregorian":"۲۰ فوریه ۱۸۹۵","solarYear":1273,"solarMonth":11,"solarDay":24,"gregorianYear":1895,"gregorianMonth":2,"gregorianDay":20}},{"id":"aqa-najafi","kind":"person","name":"شیخ محمدتقی نجفی اصفهانی (آقانجفی)","role":"مجتهد مقتدر اصفهان؛ پیشگام تحریم عملی تنباکو","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/aqa-najafi","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/aqa-najafi","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/aqa-najafi?format=md","aliases":["آقا نجفی","آقانجفی","محمدتقی نجفی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۲۵","imperial":"۲۴۰۵","gregorian":"۱۸۴۶","solarYear":1225,"gregorianYear":1846},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۳ تیر ۱۲۹۳","imperial":"۱۳ تیر ۲۴۷۳","gregorian":"۶ ژوئیه ۱۹۱۴","solarYear":1293,"solarMonth":4,"solarDay":13,"gregorianYear":1914,"gregorianMonth":7,"gregorianDay":6}},{"id":"sheikh-hadi-najmabadi","kind":"person","name":"آیت‌الله حاج شیخ هادی نجم‌آبادی","role":"مجتهد نواندیش و مربی آزادی‌خواهان تهران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/sheikh-hadi-najmabadi","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sheikh-hadi-najmabadi","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sheikh-hadi-najmabadi?format=md","aliases":["شیخ هادی نجم آبادی","شیخ هادی نجم‌آبادی","آقا شیخ هادی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۱۳","imperial":"۲۳۹۳","gregorian":"۱۸۳۴","solarYear":1213,"gregorianYear":1834},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۸۱","imperial":"۲۴۶۱","gregorian":"۱۹۰۲","solarYear":1281,"gregorianYear":1902}},{"id":"fal-asiri","kind":"person","name":"سید علی‌اکبر فال‌اسیری","role":"پیشوای اعتراضات تنباکو در شیراز","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/fal-asiri","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/fal-asiri","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/fal-asiri?format=md","aliases":["فال اسیری","فال‌اسیری","سید علی اکبر فال اسیری"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۱۹","imperial":"۲۳۹۹","gregorian":"۱۸۴۰","solarYear":1219,"gregorianYear":1840},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۸۰","imperial":"۲۴۶۰","gregorian":"۱۹۰۱","solarYear":1280,"gregorianYear":1901}},{"id":"mirza-javad-mojtahed","kind":"person","name":"حاج میرزا جواد آقا مجتهد تبریزی","role":"مجتهد مقتدر آذربایجان در جنبش تنباکو","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/mirza-javad-mojtahed","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mirza-javad-mojtahed","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mirza-javad-mojtahed?format=md","aliases":["میرزا جواد مجتهد تبریزی","میرزا جواد تبریزی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۱۴","imperial":"۲۳۹۴","gregorian":"۱۸۳۵","solarYear":1214,"gregorianYear":1835},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۷۴","imperial":"۲۴۵۴","gregorian":"۱۸۹۵","solarYear":1274,"gregorianYear":1895}},{"id":"hadi-dowlatabadi","kind":"person","name":"حاج سید هادی دولت‌آبادی","role":"عالم دینی و رهبر پنهانی جامعه ازلیان ایران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/hadi-dowlatabadi","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/hadi-dowlatabadi","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/hadi-dowlatabadi?format=md","aliases":["سید هادی دولت آبادی","سید هادی دولت‌آبادی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۰۸","imperial":"۲۳۸۸","gregorian":"۱۸۲۹","solarYear":1208,"gregorianYear":1829},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۷۱","imperial":"۲۴۵۱","gregorian":"۱۸۹۲","solarYear":1271,"gregorianYear":1892}},{"id":"sheikh-mohammad-vaez","kind":"person","name":"شیخ محمد واعظ اصفهانی","role":"خطیب و واعظ پرشور مشروطه‌خواه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/sheikh-mohammad-vaez","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sheikh-mohammad-vaez","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sheikh-mohammad-vaez?format=md","aliases":["شیخ محمد واعظ","محمد واعظ اصفهانی","شیخ محمد واعظ اصفهانی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۴۵","imperial":"۲۴۲۵","gregorian":"۱۸۶۶","solarYear":1245,"gregorianYear":1866},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۳۰۲","imperial":"۲۴۸۲","gregorian":"۱۹۲۳","solarYear":1302,"gregorianYear":1923}},{"id":"seyyed-abdolhamid","kind":"person","name":"سید عبدالحمید","role":"طلبه آزادی‌خواه و نخستین شهید نهضت مشروطه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/seyyed-abdolhamid","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/seyyed-abdolhamid","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/seyyed-abdolhamid?format=md","aliases":["سید عبدالحمید","سید عبدالحمید طلبه","شهید عبدالحمید"],"born":null,"died":{"shamsi":"۲۰ تیر ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۲۰ تیر ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۱۱ ژوئیه ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":4,"solarDay":20,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":7,"gregorianDay":11}},{"id":"mirza-fazl-ali-aqa","kind":"person","name":"حاج میرزا فضلعلی آقا تبریزی","role":"فقیه نواندیش و نماینده برجسته تبریز در مجلس اول","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/mirza-fazl-ali-aqa","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mirza-fazl-ali-aqa","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mirza-fazl-ali-aqa?format=md","aliases":["میرزا فضلعلی آقا","میرزا فضل‌علی آقا","فضلعلی آقا تبریزی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۳۹","imperial":"۲۴۱۹","gregorian":"۱۸۶۰","solarYear":1239,"gregorianYear":1860},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۳۱۷","imperial":"۲۴۹۷","gregorian":"۱۹۳۸","solarYear":1317,"gregorianYear":1938}},{"id":"sheikh-mohammad-khiabani","kind":"person","name":"شیخ محمد خیابانی","role":"واعظ تبریز؛ سپس وکیل و پیشوای انجمن ایالتی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/sheikh-mohammad-khiabani","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sheikh-mohammad-khiabani","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sheikh-mohammad-khiabani?format=md","aliases":["خیابانی","شیخ محمد خیابانی","محمد خیابانی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۵۶","imperial":"۲۴۳۶","gregorian":"۱۸۷۸","solarYear":1256,"gregorianYear":1878},"died":{"shamsi":"۲۳ شهریور ۱۲۹۹","imperial":"۲۳ شهریور ۲۴۷۹","gregorian":"۱۴ سپتامبر ۱۹۲۰","solarYear":1299,"solarMonth":6,"solarDay":23,"gregorianYear":1920,"gregorianMonth":9,"gregorianDay":14}},{"id":"mirza-esmail-nubari","kind":"person","name":"میرزا اسماعیل نوبری","role":"واعظ تبریز؛ سپس وکیل آذربایجان","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/mirza-esmail-nubari","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mirza-esmail-nubari","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mirza-esmail-nubari?format=md","aliases":["اسماعیل نوبری","میرزا اسماعیل نوبری"],"born":null,"died":null},{"id":"aqa-nurullah-isfahani","kind":"person","name":"حاج آقا نورالله نجفی اصفهانی","role":"مجتهد اصفهان؛ پیشوای انجمن ولایتی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/aqa-nurullah-isfahani","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/aqa-nurullah-isfahani","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/aqa-nurullah-isfahani?format=md","aliases":["حاج آقا نورالله","آقا نورالله نجفی","نورالله اصفهانی"],"born":null,"died":{"shamsi":"۱۳۰۶","imperial":"۲۴۸۶","gregorian":"۱۹۲۷","solarYear":1306,"gregorianYear":1927}},{"id":"seyyed-jamal-vaez","kind":"person","name":"سید جمال‌الدین واعظ اصفهانی","role":"واعظ مشروطه‌خواه تهران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/seyyed-jamal-vaez","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/seyyed-jamal-vaez","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/seyyed-jamal-vaez?format=md","aliases":["سید جمال واعظ","سید جمال‌الدین واعظ","سید جمال‌الدین واعظ اصفهانی","جمال واعظ اصفهانی"],"born":null,"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۸۷","imperial":"۲۴۶۷","gregorian":"۱۹۰۸","solarYear":1287,"gregorianYear":1908}},{"id":"sultan-ol-ulama","kind":"person","name":"سلطان‌العلماء خراسانی","role":"روزنامه‌نویس؛ مدیر روح‌القدس","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/sultan-ol-ulama","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sultan-ol-ulama","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sultan-ol-ulama?format=md","aliases":["سلطان‌العلماء خراسانی","مدیر روح‌القدس"],"born":null,"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۸۷","imperial":"۲۴۶۷","gregorian":"۱۹۰۸","solarYear":1287,"gregorianYear":1908}},{"id":"seyyed-kazem-yazdi","kind":"person","name":"سید محمدکاظم طباطبایی یزدی","role":"مرجع نجف؛ مخالف مشروطهٔ عرفی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/seyyed-kazem-yazdi","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/seyyed-kazem-yazdi","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/seyyed-kazem-yazdi?format=md","aliases":["سید کاظم یزدی","سید محمدکاظم یزدی","یزدی صاحب عروه"],"born":null,"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۹۸","imperial":"۲۴۷۸","gregorian":"۱۹۱۹","solarYear":1298,"gregorianYear":1919}},{"id":"haj-mirza-hasan-mojtahed-tabriz","kind":"person","name":"حاج میرزا حسن مجتهد تبریزی","role":"مجتهد تبریز در آستانهٔ قیام مسلحانه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/haj-mirza-hasan-mojtahed-tabriz","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/haj-mirza-hasan-mojtahed-tabriz","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/haj-mirza-hasan-mojtahed-tabriz?format=md","aliases":["حاج میرزا حسن مجتهد تبریز","میرزا حسن مجتهد تبریزی"],"born":null,"died":null},{"id":"mirza-hasan-ashtiani","kind":"person","name":"میرزا محمدحسن آشتیانی","role":"مجتهد تهران در تحریم تنباکو","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/mirza-hasan-ashtiani","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mirza-hasan-ashtiani","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mirza-hasan-ashtiani?format=md","aliases":["میرزا حسن آشتیانی","آشتیانی مجتهد تهران","محمدحسن آشتیانی"],"born":null,"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۸۱","imperial":"۲۴۶۱","gregorian":"۱۹۰۱","solarYear":1281,"gregorianYear":1901}},{"id":"sattar-khan","kind":"person","name":"ستارخان","role":"فرماندهٔ مقاومت تبریز","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/sattar-khan","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sattar-khan","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sattar-khan?format=md","aliases":["ستار خان","ستارخان سردار ملی","ستار"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۴۵","imperial":"۲۴۲۵","gregorian":"۱۸۶۶","solarYear":1245,"gregorianYear":1866},"died":{"shamsi":"۲۵ آبان ۱۲۹۳","imperial":"۲۵ آبان ۲۴۷۳","gregorian":"۱۶ نوامبر ۱۹۱۴","solarYear":1293,"solarMonth":8,"solarDay":25,"gregorianYear":1914,"gregorianMonth":11,"gregorianDay":16}},{"id":"baqer-khan","kind":"person","name":"باقرخان","role":"فرماندهٔ محلهٔ خیابان در مقاومت تبریز","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/baqer-khan","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/baqer-khan","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/baqer-khan?format=md","aliases":["باقر خان","باقرخان سالار ملی","سالار ملی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۴۰","imperial":"۲۴۲۰","gregorian":"۱۸۶۱","solarYear":1240,"gregorianYear":1861},"died":{"shamsi":"آبان ۱۲۹۵","imperial":"آبان ۲۴۷۵","gregorian":"نوامبر ۱۹۱۶","solarYear":1295,"solarMonth":8,"gregorianYear":1916,"gregorianMonth":11}},{"id":"ali-monsieur","kind":"person","name":"علی مسیو","role":"سازمان‌دهندهٔ مخفی مشروطه در تبریز","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/ali-monsieur","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/ali-monsieur","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/ali-monsieur?format=md","aliases":["علی موسیو","علی مسیو","علی‌مسیو"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۲۴","imperial":"۲۴۰۴","gregorian":"۱۸۴۵","solarYear":1224,"gregorianYear":1845},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"gregorianYear":1907}},{"id":"sardar-asad","kind":"person","name":"علی‌قلی‌خان سردار اسعد بختیاری","role":"فرماندهٔ ستون بختیاری در فتح تهران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/sardar-asad","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sardar-asad","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sardar-asad?format=md","aliases":["سردار اسعد","سرداراسعد","علی قلی خان","علی‌قلی‌خان بختیاری"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۳۶","imperial":"۲۴۱۶","gregorian":"۱۸۵۷","solarYear":1236,"gregorianYear":1857},"died":{"shamsi":"۱ آبان ۱۲۹۶","imperial":"۱ آبان ۲۴۷۶","gregorian":"۲۴ اکتبر ۱۹۱۷","solarYear":1296,"solarMonth":8,"solarDay":1,"gregorianYear":1917,"gregorianMonth":10,"gregorianDay":24}},{"id":"samsam","kind":"person","name":"نجف‌قلی‌خان صمصام‌السلطنه","role":"گشایندهٔ اصفهان؛ رئیس‌الوزرای سال‌های بعد","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/samsam","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/samsam","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/samsam?format=md","aliases":["صمصام السلطنه","صمصام‌السلطنه","نجفقلی خان"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۲۹","imperial":"۲۴۰۹","gregorian":"۱۸۵۰","solarYear":1229,"gregorianYear":1850},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۳۰۹","imperial":"۲۴۸۹","gregorian":"۱۹۳۰","solarYear":1309,"gregorianYear":1930}},{"id":"sepehdar","kind":"person","name":"محمدولی‌خان تنکابنی سپهدار اعظم","role":"فرماندهٔ ستون گیلان در فتح تهران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/sepehdar","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sepehdar","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sepehdar?format=md","aliases":["سپهدار","محمدولی‌خان تنکابنی","محمد ولی خان","محمدولی‌خان","سپهدار اعظم","سپهدار تنکابنی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۲۵","imperial":"۲۴۰۵","gregorian":"۱۸۴۶","solarYear":1225,"gregorianYear":1846},"died":{"shamsi":"۲۶ شهریور ۱۳۰۵","imperial":"۲۶ شهریور ۲۴۸۵","gregorian":"۱۸ سپتامبر ۱۹۲۶","solarYear":1305,"solarMonth":6,"solarDay":26,"gregorianYear":1926,"gregorianMonth":9,"gregorianDay":18}},{"id":"yeprem","kind":"person","name":"یپرم‌خان داویدیان","role":"فرماندهٔ مجاهد ارمنی؛ رئیس نظمیهٔ تهران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/yeprem","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/yeprem","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/yeprem?format=md","aliases":["یپرم","یپرم خان","یپرم‌خان","اپرم"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۴۷","imperial":"۲۴۲۷","gregorian":"۱۸۶۸","solarYear":1247,"gregorianYear":1868},"died":{"shamsi":"۲۹ اردیبهشت ۱۲۹۱","imperial":"۲۹ اردیبهشت ۲۴۷۱","gregorian":"۱۹ مه ۱۹۱۲","solarYear":1291,"solarMonth":2,"solarDay":29,"gregorianYear":1912,"gregorianMonth":5,"gregorianDay":19}},{"id":"liakhov","kind":"person","name":"ولادیمیر لیاخوف","role":"فرماندهٔ بمباران مجلس","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/liakhov","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/liakhov","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/liakhov?format=md","aliases":["لیاخوف","لیاخوف","کلنل لیاخوف","لیاخوف خان"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۴۸","imperial":"۲۴۲۸","gregorian":"۱۸۶۹","solarYear":1248,"gregorianYear":1869},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۹۸","imperial":"۲۴۷۸","gregorian":"۱۹۱۹","solarYear":1298,"gregorianYear":1919}},{"id":"baskerville","kind":"person","name":"هاوارد باسکرویل","role":"کشتهٔ آمریکایی محاصرهٔ تبریز","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/baskerville","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/baskerville","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/baskerville?format=md","aliases":["باسکرویل","باسكرویل","هاوارد باسکرویل","مستر باسکرویل"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۶۴","imperial":"۲۴۴۴","gregorian":"۱۸۸۵","solarYear":1264,"gregorianYear":1885},"died":{"shamsi":"۳۰ فروردین ۱۲۸۸","imperial":"۳۰ فروردین ۲۴۶۸","gregorian":"۱۹ آوریل ۱۹۰۹","solarYear":1288,"solarMonth":1,"solarDay":30,"gregorianYear":1909,"gregorianMonth":4,"gregorianDay":19}},{"id":"rahim-khan","kind":"person","name":"رحیم‌خان چلبیانلو","role":"فرماندهٔ ایلی سپاه شاه بر تبریز","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/rahim-khan","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/rahim-khan","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/rahim-khan?format=md","aliases":["رحیم خان","رحیم‌خان","چلبیانلو","رحیم‌خان چلبیانلو"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۳۵","imperial":"۲۴۱۵","gregorian":"۱۸۵۶","solarYear":1235,"gregorianYear":1856},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۹۰","imperial":"۲۴۷۰","gregorian":"۱۹۱۱","solarYear":1290,"gregorianYear":1911}},{"id":"hossein-qoli-bakhtiari","kind":"person","name":"حسینقلی خان ایلخانی بختیاری","role":"نخستین ایلخان مقتدر بختیاری؛ پدر سردار اسعد","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/hossein-qoli-bakhtiari","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/hossein-qoli-bakhtiari","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/hossein-qoli-bakhtiari?format=md","aliases":["حسینقلی خان بختیاری","ایلخانی بختیاری","حسینقلی خان"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۰۰","imperial":"۲۳۸۰","gregorian":"۱۸۲۱","solarYear":1200,"gregorianYear":1821},"died":{"shamsi":"۲۴ خرداد ۱۲۶۱","imperial":"۲۴ خرداد ۲۴۴۱","gregorian":"۱۴ ژوئن ۱۸۸۲","solarYear":1261,"solarMonth":3,"solarDay":24,"gregorianYear":1882,"gregorianMonth":6,"gregorianDay":14}},{"id":"mirza-reza-kermani","kind":"person","name":"میرزا رضا کرمانی","role":"عامل ترور ناصرالدین‌شاه؛ مرید سید جمال‌الدین","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/mirza-reza-kermani","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mirza-reza-kermani","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mirza-reza-kermani?format=md","aliases":["میرزا رضای کرمانی","میرزا رضا"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۲۶","imperial":"۲۴۰۶","gregorian":"۱۸۴۷","solarYear":1226,"gregorianYear":1847},"died":{"shamsi":"۲۲ مرداد ۱۲۷۵","imperial":"۲۲ مرداد ۲۴۵۵","gregorian":"۱۲ اوت ۱۸۹۶","solarYear":1275,"solarMonth":5,"solarDay":22,"gregorianYear":1896,"gregorianMonth":8,"gregorianDay":12}},{"id":"haydar-khan","kind":"person","name":"حیدرخان عمواوغلی","role":"انقلابی سوسیال‌دموکرات؛ سازمان‌دهنده شاخهٔ ترور","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/haydar-khan","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/haydar-khan","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/haydar-khan?format=md","aliases":["حیدرخان عمواوغلی","حیدر عمواوغلی","حیدر تاری وردیوف"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۵۹","imperial":"۲۴۳۹","gregorian":"۱۸۸۰","solarYear":1259,"gregorianYear":1880},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۳۰۰","imperial":"۲۴۸۰","gregorian":"۱۹۲۱","solarYear":1300,"gregorianYear":1921}},{"id":"abbas-aqa-tabrizi","kind":"person","name":"عباس‌آقا صراف تبریزی","role":"عامل ترور انقلابی اتابک اعظم","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/abbas-aqa-tabrizi","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/abbas-aqa-tabrizi","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/abbas-aqa-tabrizi?format=md","aliases":["عباس آقا تبریزی","عباس‌آقا تبریزی","عباس صراف","عباس‌آقا صراف"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۶۴","imperial":"۲۴۴۴","gregorian":"۱۸۸۵","solarYear":1264,"gregorianYear":1885},"died":{"shamsi":"۸ شهریور ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۸ شهریور ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۳۱ اوت ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":6,"solarDay":8,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":8,"gregorianDay":31}},{"id":"taqizadeh","kind":"person","name":"سید حسن تقی‌زاده","role":"رادیکال مجلس اول؛ رجل بعدی دولت","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/taqizadeh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/taqizadeh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/taqizadeh?format=md","aliases":["تقی زاده","تقی‌زاده","حسن تقی‌زاده","سید حسن تقی‌زاده"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۵۷","imperial":"۲۴۳۷","gregorian":"۱۸۷۸","solarYear":1257,"gregorianYear":1878},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۳۴۸","imperial":"۲۵۲۸","gregorian":"۱۹۷۰","solarYear":1348,"gregorianYear":1970}},{"id":"malek-al-motekallemin","kind":"person","name":"نصرالله بهشتی ملک‌المتکلمین","role":"واعظ مشروطه؛ کشتهٔ باغشاه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/malek-al-motekallemin","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/malek-al-motekallemin","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/malek-al-motekallemin?format=md","aliases":["ملک المتکلمین","ملک‌المتکلمین","ملک المتکلمین","نصرالله بهشتی"],"born":null,"died":{"shamsi":"تیر ۱۲۸۷","imperial":"تیر ۲۴۶۷","gregorian":"ژوئن ۱۹۰۸","solarYear":1287,"solarMonth":4,"gregorianYear":1908,"gregorianMonth":6}},{"id":"jahangir-khan","kind":"person","name":"میرزا جهانگیرخان صور اسرافیل","role":"روزنامه‌نگار و شهید مشروطه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/jahangir-khan","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/jahangir-khan","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/jahangir-khan?format=md","aliases":["جهانگیرخان صوراسرافیل","جهانگیر خان","میرزا جهانگیرخان شیرازی","صور اسرافیل","صوراسرافیل"],"born":null,"died":{"shamsi":"تیر ۱۲۸۷","imperial":"تیر ۲۴۶۷","gregorian":"ژوئن ۱۹۰۸","solarYear":1287,"solarMonth":4,"gregorianYear":1908,"gregorianMonth":6}},{"id":"dehkhoda","kind":"person","name":"علی‌اکبر دهخدا","role":"طنزپرداز و نویسندهٔ صور اسرافیل","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/dehkhoda","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/dehkhoda","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/dehkhoda?format=md","aliases":["دهخدا","علی اکبر دهخدا","میرزا علی اکبر خان قزوینی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۵۸","imperial":"۲۴۳۸","gregorian":"۱۸۷۹","solarYear":1258,"gregorianYear":1879},"died":{"shamsi":"اسفند ۱۳۳۴","imperial":"اسفند ۲۵۱۴","gregorian":"مارس ۱۹۵۶","solarYear":1334,"solarMonth":12,"gregorianYear":1956,"gregorianMonth":3}},{"id":"malkom","kind":"person","name":"میرزا ملکم‌خان ناظم‌الدوله","role":"نظریه‌پرداز قانون و ناشر روزنامهٔ قانون","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/malkom","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/malkom","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/malkom?format=md","aliases":["ملکم خان","ملکم‌خان","میرزا ملکم خان","پرنس ملکم"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۱۲","imperial":"۲۳۹۲","gregorian":"۱۸۳۳","solarYear":1212,"gregorianYear":1833},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۸۷","imperial":"۲۴۶۷","gregorian":"۱۹۰۸","solarYear":1287,"gregorianYear":1908}},{"id":"asadabadi","kind":"person","name":"سید جمال‌الدین اسدآبادی","role":"مروج اتحاد اسلام و محرک انقلاب فکری","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/asadabadi","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/asadabadi","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/asadabadi?format=md","aliases":["سید جمال الدین اسدآبادی","سید جمال","سید جمال الدین افغانی","جمال الدین حسینی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۱۷","imperial":"۲۳۹۷","gregorian":"۱۸۳۸","solarYear":1217,"gregorianYear":1838},"died":{"shamsi":"اسفند ۱۲۷۵","imperial":"اسفند ۲۴۵۵","gregorian":"مارس ۱۸۹۷","solarYear":1275,"solarMonth":12,"gregorianYear":1897,"gregorianMonth":3}},{"id":"sepasalar","kind":"person","name":"میرزا حسین‌خان سپهسالار","role":"صدراعظم اصلاح‌گر عهد ناصری","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/sepasalar","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sepasalar","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sepasalar?format=md","aliases":["سپهسالار","میرزا حسین خان سپهسالار","مشیرالدوله قزوینی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۰۶","imperial":"۲۳۸۶","gregorian":"۱۸۲۷","solarYear":1206,"gregorianYear":1827},"died":{"shamsi":"شهریور ۱۲۵۹","imperial":"شهریور ۲۴۳۹","gregorian":"۱۸۸۱","solarYear":1259,"solarMonth":6,"gregorianYear":1881}},{"id":"amir-kabir","kind":"person","name":"میرزا تقی‌خان امیرکبیر","role":"صدراعظم نوساز ایران پیشامشروطه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/amir-kabir","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/amir-kabir","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/amir-kabir?format=md","aliases":["امیرکبیر","میرزا تقی خان","امیر نظام","اتابک اعظم امیرکبیر"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۱۸۶","imperial":"۲۳۶۶","gregorian":"۱۸۰۷","solarYear":1186,"gregorianYear":1807},"died":{"shamsi":"دی ۱۲۳۰","imperial":"دی ۲۴۱۰","gregorian":"ژانویه ۱۸۵۲","solarYear":1230,"solarMonth":10,"gregorianYear":1852,"gregorianMonth":1}},{"id":"rushdiyeh","kind":"person","name":"میرزا حسن رشدیه","role":"بنیانگذار دبستان نو و الفبای صوتی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/rushdiyeh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/rushdiyeh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/rushdiyeh?format=md","aliases":["رشدیه","میرزا حسن رشدیه","حسن رشدیه","میرزا حسن تبریزی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۳۰","imperial":"۲۴۱۰","gregorian":"۱۸۵۱","solarYear":1230,"gregorianYear":1851},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۹ آذر ۱۳۲۳","imperial":"۱۹ آذر ۲۵۰۳","gregorian":"۱۹۴۴","solarYear":1323,"solarMonth":9,"solarDay":19,"gregorianYear":1944}},{"id":"shuster","kind":"person","name":"ویلیام مورگان شوستر","role":"خزانه‌دار مجلس دوم؛ بهانهٔ اولتیماتوم روس","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/shuster","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/shuster","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/shuster?format=md","aliases":["شوستر","مورگان شوستر","مستر شوستر"],"born":null,"died":null},{"id":"sani-al-dowleh","kind":"person","name":"مرتضی‌قلی‌خان صنیع‌الدوله","role":"نخستین رئیس مجلس شورای ملی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/sani-al-dowleh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sani-al-dowleh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/sani-al-dowleh?format=md","aliases":["صنیع الدوله","صنیع‌الدوله","مرتضی قلی خان هدایت"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۳۵","imperial":"۲۴۱۵","gregorian":"۱۸۵۶","solarYear":1235,"gregorianYear":1856},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۵ بهمن ۱۲۸۹","imperial":"۱۵ بهمن ۲۴۶۹","gregorian":"۴ فوریه ۱۹۱۱","solarYear":1289,"solarMonth":11,"solarDay":15,"gregorianYear":1911,"gregorianMonth":2,"gregorianDay":4}},{"id":"mostashar-al-dowleh","kind":"person","name":"میرزا یوسف‌خان مستشارالدوله","role":"نظریه‌پرداز قانون‌خواهی؛ مؤلف رسالهٔ یک کلمه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/mostashar-al-dowleh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mostashar-al-dowleh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mostashar-al-dowleh?format=md","aliases":["یوسف مستشارالدوله","میرزا یوسف تبریزی","مستشارالدوله"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۰۲","imperial":"۲۳۸۲","gregorian":"۱۸۲۳","solarYear":1202,"gregorianYear":1823},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۷۴","imperial":"۲۴۵۴","gregorian":"۱۸۹۵","solarYear":1274,"gregorianYear":1895}},{"id":"talebov","kind":"person","name":"عبدالرحیم طالبوف تبریزی","role":"نظریه‌پرداز مشروطه و آموزش عمومی؛ وکیل دورهٔ اول مجلس","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/talebov","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/talebov","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/talebov?format=md","aliases":["طالبوف","عبدالرحیم طالبوف","میرزا عبدالرحیم طالبوف"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۱۳","imperial":"۲۳۹۳","gregorian":"۱۸۳۴","solarYear":1213,"gregorianYear":1834},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۸۹","imperial":"۲۴۶۹","gregorian":"۱۹۱۱","solarYear":1289,"gregorianYear":1911}},{"id":"akhundzadeh","kind":"person","name":"میرزا فتحعلی آخوندزاده","role":"پیشگام نقد سکولار و درام‌نویسی مدرن","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/akhundzadeh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/akhundzadeh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/akhundzadeh?format=md","aliases":["آخوندزاده","میرزا فتحعلی آخوندوف","آخوندوف"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۱۹۱","imperial":"۲۳۷۱","gregorian":"۱۸۱۲","solarYear":1191,"gregorianYear":1812},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۸ اسفند ۱۲۵۶","imperial":"۱۸ اسفند ۲۴۳۶","gregorian":"۱۸۷۸","solarYear":1256,"solarMonth":12,"solarDay":18,"gregorianYear":1878}},{"id":"yahya-dowlatabadi","kind":"person","name":"حاج میرزا یحیی دولت‌آبادی","role":"مصلح آموزشی؛ استراتژیست انجمن‌های مخفی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/yahya-dowlatabadi","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/yahya-dowlatabadi","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/yahya-dowlatabadi?format=md","aliases":["یحیی دولت آبادی","یحیی دولت‌آبادی","میرزا یحیی دولت آبادی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۴۱","imperial":"۲۴۲۱","gregorian":"۱۸۶۲","solarYear":1241,"gregorianYear":1862},"died":{"shamsi":"۴ آبان ۱۳۱۸","imperial":"۴ آبان ۲۴۹۸","gregorian":"۱۹۳۹","solarYear":1318,"solarMonth":8,"solarDay":4,"gregorianYear":1939}},{"id":"mirza-aqa-khan-kermani","kind":"person","name":"میرزا عبدالحسین آقاخان کرمانی","role":"نویسنده رادیکال و نظریه‌پرداز ملی‌گرایی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/mirza-aqa-khan-kermani","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mirza-aqa-khan-kermani","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/mirza-aqa-khan-kermani?format=md","aliases":["میرزا آقاخان","آقاخان کرمانی","عبدالحسین کرمانی"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۳۲","imperial":"۲۴۱۲","gregorian":"۱۸۵۴","solarYear":1232,"gregorianYear":1854},"died":{"shamsi":"۲۶ تیر ۱۲۷۵","imperial":"۲۶ تیر ۲۴۵۵","gregorian":"۱۸۹۶","solarYear":1275,"solarMonth":4,"solarDay":26,"gregorianYear":1896}},{"id":"zain-al-abedin-maraghei","kind":"person","name":"حاج زین‌العابدین مراغه‌ای","role":"رمان‌نویس انتقادی و بیدارگر افکار عمومی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/zain-al-abedin-maraghei","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/zain-al-abedin-maraghei","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/zain-al-abedin-maraghei?format=md","aliases":["زین العابدین مراغه ای","زین‌العابدین مراغه‌ای","ابراهیم بیگ"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۱۸","imperial":"۲۳۹۸","gregorian":"۱۸۳۹","solarYear":1218,"gregorianYear":1839},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۲۸۹","imperial":"۲۴۶۹","gregorian":"۱۹۱۰","solarYear":1289,"gregorianYear":1910}},{"id":"hassan-pirnia","kind":"person","name":"میرزا حسن‌خان مشیرالدوله (پیرنیا)","role":"حقوق‌دان؛ بانی مدرسه علوم سیاسی؛ دولتمرد مشروطه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/hassan-pirnia","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/hassan-pirnia","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/hassan-pirnia?format=md","aliases":["حسن پیرنیا","میرزا حسن خان پیرنیا","مشیرالدوله پیرنیا"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۵۰","imperial":"۲۴۳۰","gregorian":"۱۸۷۱","solarYear":1250,"gregorianYear":1871},"died":{"shamsi":"۲۹ آبان ۱۳۱۴","imperial":"۲۹ آبان ۲۴۹۴","gregorian":"۱۹۳۵","solarYear":1314,"solarMonth":8,"solarDay":29,"gregorianYear":1935}},{"id":"hossein-pirnia","kind":"person","name":"میرزا حسین‌خان مؤتمن‌الملک (پیرنیا)","role":"رئیس قانون‌مدار مجلس شورای ملی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/hossein-pirnia","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/hossein-pirnia","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/hossein-pirnia?format=md","aliases":["حسین پیرنیا","مؤتمن الملک","موتمن الملک"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۵۳","imperial":"۲۴۳۳","gregorian":"۱۸۷۴","solarYear":1253,"gregorianYear":1874},"died":{"shamsi":"۹ شهریور ۱۳۲۶","imperial":"۹ شهریور ۲۵۰۶","gregorian":"۱۹۴۷","solarYear":1326,"solarMonth":6,"solarDay":9,"gregorianYear":1947}},{"id":"tahereh","kind":"person","name":"فاطمه زرین‌تاج برغانی (طاهره قرة‌العین)","role":"شاعر، فقیه و نظریه‌پرداز بابی در بدشت","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/tahereh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/tahereh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/tahereh?format=md","aliases":["طاهره قزوینی","قره العین","طاهره"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۱۹۶","imperial":"۲۳۷۶","gregorian":"۱۸۱۷","solarYear":1196,"gregorianYear":1817},"died":{"shamsi":"مرداد ۱۲۳۱","imperial":"مرداد ۲۴۱۱","gregorian":"۱۸۵۲","solarYear":1231,"solarMonth":5,"gregorianYear":1852}},{"id":"bab","kind":"person","name":"سید علی‌محمد شیرازی (باب)","role":"بنیان‌گذار جنبش بابیه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/bab","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/bab","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/bab?format=md","aliases":["میرزا علی‌محمد باب","حضرت اعلی","باب"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۱۹۸","imperial":"۲۳۷۸","gregorian":"۱۸۱۹","solarYear":1198,"gregorianYear":1819},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۸ تیر ۱۲۲۹","imperial":"۱۸ تیر ۲۴۰۹","gregorian":"۱۸۵۰","solarYear":1229,"solarMonth":4,"solarDay":18,"gregorianYear":1850}},{"id":"majd-al-islam","kind":"person","name":"احمد مجدالاسلام کرمانی","role":"روزنامه‌نگار، مؤلف تاریخ مشروطه و عضو انجمن‌های آزادی‌خواه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shakhs/majd-al-islam","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/majd-al-islam","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/person/majd-al-islam?format=md","aliases":["مجدالاسلام کرمانی","مجدالاسلام","احمد مجدالاسلام"],"born":{"shamsi":"۱۲۵۰","imperial":"۲۴۳۰","gregorian":"۱۸۷۱","solarYear":1250,"gregorianYear":1871},"died":{"shamsi":"۱۳۰۲","imperial":"۲۴۸۲","gregorian":"۱۹۲۳","solarYear":1302,"gregorianYear":1923}}],"events":[{"id":"qajar-land-tenure","kind":"event","title":"ساختار زمینداری و نظام تیول در عصر قاجار","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/qajar-land-tenure","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/qajar-land-tenure","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/qajar-land-tenure?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۲۱۵","imperial":"۲۳۹۵","gregorian":"۱۸۳۶","solarYear":1215,"gregorianYear":1836},"endDate":null,"aliases":["نظام تیول","زمین‌داری قاجار","خالصجات دولتی"],"personIds":["amir-kabir","sepahsalar"]},{"id":"sheikhism-emergence","kind":"event","title":"ظهور مکتب شیخی و نظریهٔ رکن رابع","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/sheikhism-emergence","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/sheikhism-emergence","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/sheikhism-emergence?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۲۲۰","imperial":"۲۴۰۰","gregorian":"۱۸۴۱","solarYear":1220,"gregorianYear":1841},"endDate":null,"aliases":["شیخیه","مکتب شیخی","رکن رابع"],"personIds":["tahereh","bab"]},{"id":"bab-declaration-1260","kind":"event","title":"اعلان دعوت سید علی‌محمد باب در شیراز","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/bab-declaration-1260","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/bab-declaration-1260","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/bab-declaration-1260?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۵ خرداد ۱۲۲۳","imperial":"۵ خرداد ۲۴۰۳","gregorian":"۲۳ مه ۱۸۴۴","solarYear":1223,"solarMonth":3,"solarDay":5,"gregorianYear":1844,"gregorianMonth":5,"gregorianDay":23},"endDate":null,"aliases":["اظهار امر باب","آغاز دعوت بابیه","قیوم الاسماء"],"personIds":["bab","tahereh"]},{"id":"badasht-conference","kind":"event","title":"اجتماع بدشت و اعلان نسخ شریعت اسلام","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/badasht-conference","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/badasht-conference","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/badasht-conference?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"تیر ۱۲۲۷","imperial":"تیر ۲۴۰۷","gregorian":"۱۸۴۸","solarYear":1227,"solarMonth":4,"gregorianYear":1848},"endDate":null,"aliases":["بدشت","واقعه بدشت","همایش بدشت"],"personIds":["tahereh","bab"]},{"id":"sheikh-tabarsi","kind":"event","title":"جنگ قلعه شیخ طبرسی در مازندران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/sheikh-tabarsi","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/sheikh-tabarsi","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/sheikh-tabarsi?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"شهریور ۱۲۲۷","imperial":"شهریور ۲۴۰۷","gregorian":"۱۸۴۸","solarYear":1227,"solarMonth":6,"gregorianYear":1848},"endDate":{"shamsi":"اردیبهشت ۱۲۲۸","imperial":"اردیبهشت ۲۴۰۸","gregorian":"۱۸۴۹","solarYear":1228,"solarMonth":2,"gregorianYear":1849},"aliases":["طبرسی","قلعه طبرسی","جنگ طبرسی"],"personIds":["bab","amir-kabir"]},{"id":"execution-of-bab","kind":"event","title":"تیرباران سید علی‌محمد باب در تبریز","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/execution-of-bab","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/execution-of-bab","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/execution-of-bab?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۸ تیر ۱۲۲۹","imperial":"۱۸ تیر ۲۴۰۹","gregorian":"۹ ژوئیه ۱۸۵۰","solarYear":1229,"solarMonth":4,"solarDay":18,"gregorianYear":1850,"gregorianMonth":7,"gregorianDay":9},"endDate":null,"aliases":["اعدام باب","تیرباران باب در تبریز"],"personIds":["bab","amir-kabir"]},{"id":"bahai-azali-schism","kind":"event","title":"انشقاق بهایی و ازلی و تبعید سران بابیه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/bahai-azali-schism","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/bahai-azali-schism","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/bahai-azali-schism?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۲۴۵","imperial":"۲۴۲۵","gregorian":"۱۸۶۶","solarYear":1245,"gregorianYear":1866},"endDate":null,"aliases":["فصل اکبر","انشقاق ازلی و بهایی","تبعید عکا و قبرس"],"personIds":["sepahsalar","mirza-aqa-khan-kermani"]},{"id":"resaleh-madaniyyeh","kind":"event","title":"نگارش رسالهٔ مدنیه توسط عبدالبهاء","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/resaleh-madaniyyeh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/resaleh-madaniyyeh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/resaleh-madaniyyeh?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۲۵۳","imperial":"۲۴۳۳","gregorian":"۱۸۷۵","solarYear":1253,"gregorianYear":1875},"endDate":null,"aliases":["رساله مدنیه","رساله مدنیه عبدالبهاء"],"personIds":["mostashar-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"ottoman-tanzimat-gulhane","kind":"event","title":"عصر تنظیمات عثمانی و صدور خط شریف گلخانه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/ottoman-tanzimat-gulhane","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/ottoman-tanzimat-gulhane","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/ottoman-tanzimat-gulhane?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۲ آبان ۱۲۱۸","imperial":"۱۲ آبان ۲۳۹۸","gregorian":"۳ نوامبر ۱۸۳۹","solarYear":1218,"solarMonth":8,"solarDay":12,"gregorianYear":1839,"gregorianMonth":11,"gregorianDay":3},"endDate":null,"aliases":["خط شریف گلخانه","تنظیمات عثمانی","فرمان گلخانه"],"personIds":["sepahsalar","malkom"]},{"id":"akhtar-constitutional-editorial","kind":"event","title":"سرمقاله تاریخی روزنامه اختر در باب قانون اساسی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/akhtar-constitutional-editorial","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/akhtar-constitutional-editorial","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/akhtar-constitutional-editorial?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۴ فروردین ۱۲۵۵","imperial":"۴ فروردین ۲۴۳۵","gregorian":"۲۴ مارس ۱۸۷۷","solarYear":1255,"solarMonth":1,"solarDay":4,"gregorianYear":1877,"gregorianMonth":3,"gregorianDay":24},"endDate":null,"aliases":["سرمقاله اختر ۱۸۷۷","اساس مسلمانی قانون اساسی"],"personIds":["mostashar-al-dowleh","mirza-aqa-khan-kermani"]},{"id":"daftar-tanzimat","kind":"event","title":"نگارش رساله دفتر تنظیمات (کتابچه غیبی) توسط ملکم خان","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/daftar-tanzimat","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/daftar-tanzimat","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/daftar-tanzimat?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۲۳۷","imperial":"۲۴۱۷","gregorian":"۱۸۵۸","solarYear":1237,"gregorianYear":1858},"endDate":null,"aliases":["کتابچه غیبی","دفتر تنظیمات ملکم"],"personIds":["malkom"]},{"id":"yek-kalameh","kind":"event","title":"نگارش رساله یک کلمه توسط مستشارالدوله در پاریس","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/yek-kalameh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/yek-kalameh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/yek-kalameh?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۲۴۹","imperial":"۲۴۲۹","gregorian":"۱۸۷۰","solarYear":1249,"gregorianYear":1870},"endDate":null,"aliases":["یک کلمه","رساله یک کلمه"],"personIds":["mostashar-al-dowleh","akhundzadeh"]},{"id":"darbar-azam","kind":"event","title":"صدارت سپهسالار و تشکیل دربار اعظم (هیئت وزرا)","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/darbar-azam","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/darbar-azam","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/darbar-azam?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۲۵۰","imperial":"۲۴۳۰","gregorian":"۱۸۷۱","solarYear":1250,"gregorianYear":1871},"endDate":null,"aliases":["دربار اعظم","کابینه سپهسالار","تنظیمات حسنه"],"personIds":["sepahsalar","mostashar-al-dowleh","malkom","zell-e-soltan"]},{"id":"reuter-concession","kind":"event","title":"امتیازنامه انحصاری بارون جولیوس دو رویتر","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/reuter-concession","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/reuter-concession","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/reuter-concession?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۵ تیر ۱۲۵۱","imperial":"۲۵ تیر ۲۴۳۱","gregorian":"۲۵ ژوئیه ۱۸۷۲","solarYear":1251,"solarMonth":4,"solarDay":25,"gregorianYear":1872,"gregorianMonth":7,"gregorianDay":25},"endDate":null,"aliases":["قرارداد رویتر","امتیاز رویتر ۱۸۷۲"],"personIds":["sepahsalar","malkom"]},{"id":"resaleh-politik-dowlat","kind":"event","title":"نگارش رساله پلتیکای دولتی توسط ملکم خان","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/resaleh-politik-dowlat","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/resaleh-politik-dowlat","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/resaleh-politik-dowlat?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۲۵۳","imperial":"۲۴۳۳","gregorian":"۱۸۷۴","solarYear":1253,"gregorianYear":1874},"endDate":null,"aliases":["پلتیکای دولتی","دیپلماسی دولتی ملکم"],"personIds":["malkom"]},{"id":"faramoshkhaneh-ban","kind":"event","title":"فرمان ناصرالدین شاه در تحریم و انحلال فراموشخانه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/faramoshkhaneh-ban","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/faramoshkhaneh-ban","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/faramoshkhaneh-ban?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۵ مهر ۱۲۴۰","imperial":"۲۵ مهر ۲۴۲۰","gregorian":"۱۸ اکتبر ۱۸۶۱","solarYear":1240,"solarMonth":7,"solarDay":25,"gregorianYear":1861,"gregorianMonth":10,"gregorianDay":18},"endDate":null,"aliases":["فراموشخانه","انحلال فراموشخانه"],"personIds":["malkom"]},{"id":"qanun-newspaper-london","kind":"event","title":"انتشار روزنامه قانون در لندن توسط ملکم خان","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/qanun-newspaper-london","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/qanun-newspaper-london","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/qanun-newspaper-london?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"بهمن ۱۲۶۸","imperial":"بهمن ۲۴۴۸","gregorian":"فوریه ۱۸۹۰","solarYear":1268,"solarMonth":11,"gregorianYear":1890,"gregorianMonth":2},"endDate":null,"aliases":["روزنامه قانون","قانون ملکم"],"personIds":["malkom","mirza-aqa-khan-kermani"]},{"id":"jame-adamiyat-founding","kind":"event","title":"تأسیس مجمع و جامع آدمیت در تهران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/jame-adamiyat-founding","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/jame-adamiyat-founding","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/jame-adamiyat-founding?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۲۷۵","imperial":"۲۴۵۵","gregorian":"۱۸۹۶","solarYear":1275,"gregorianYear":1896},"endDate":null,"aliases":["جامع آدمیت","مجمع آدمیت"],"personIds":["malkom","ehtesham-al-saltaneh","hossein-pirnia"]},{"id":"anjoman-okhovvat","kind":"event","title":"تأسیس انجمن اخوت توسط ظهیرالدوله","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/anjoman-okhovvat","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/anjoman-okhovvat","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/anjoman-okhovvat?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۲۷۸","imperial":"۲۴۵۸","gregorian":"۱۸۹۹","solarYear":1278,"gregorianYear":1899},"endDate":null,"aliases":["انجمن اخوت","اخوت صفاعلی"],"personIds":["zahir-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"renan-jamal-debate","kind":"event","title":"مناظره فلسفی سید جمال‌الدین اسدآبادی با ارنست رنان","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/renan-jamal-debate","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/renan-jamal-debate","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/renan-jamal-debate?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۸ اردیبهشت ۱۲۶۲","imperial":"۲۸ اردیبهشت ۲۴۴۲","gregorian":"۱۸ مه ۱۸۸۳","solarYear":1262,"solarMonth":2,"solarDay":28,"gregorianYear":1883,"gregorianMonth":5,"gregorianDay":18},"endDate":null,"aliases":["مناظره رنان و سید جمال","خطابه سوربن رنان"],"personIds":["asadabadi"]},{"id":"seyyed-jamal-iran-expulsion","kind":"event","title":"بست‌نشینی سید جمال‌الدین در شاه عبدالعظیم و اخراج زمستانی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/seyyed-jamal-iran-expulsion","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/seyyed-jamal-iran-expulsion","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/seyyed-jamal-iran-expulsion?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"دی ۱۲۶۹","imperial":"دی ۲۴۴۹","gregorian":"ژانویه ۱۸۹۱","solarYear":1269,"solarMonth":10,"gregorianYear":1891,"gregorianMonth":1},"endDate":null,"aliases":["اخراج سید جمال","بست‌نشینی سید جمال در شهرری"],"personIds":["asadabadi","mirza-reza-kermani","amin-al-soltan","amin-al-zarb"]},{"id":"jamal-letter-abdolazim","kind":"event","title":"نامهٔ سید جمال‌الدین به ناصرالدین‌شاه از بست عبدالعظیم","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/jamal-letter-abdolazim","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/jamal-letter-abdolazim","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/jamal-letter-abdolazim?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"آبان ۱۲۶۹","imperial":"آبان ۲۴۴۹","gregorian":"نوامبر ۱۸۹۰","solarYear":1269,"solarMonth":8,"gregorianYear":1890,"gregorianMonth":11},"endDate":null,"aliases":["نامه جمال از عبدالعظیم","عرضه داشت سید جمال به شاه"],"personIds":["asadabadi","amin-al-soltan","amin-al-zarb"]},{"id":"naser-shah-assassinated","kind":"event","title":"ترور ناصرالدین شاه قاجار در حرم شاه عبدالعظیم","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/naser-shah-assassinated","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/naser-shah-assassinated","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/naser-shah-assassinated?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۷ اردیبهشت ۱۲۷۵","imperial":"۱۷ اردیبهشت ۲۴۵۵","gregorian":"۱ مه ۱۸۹۶","solarYear":1275,"solarMonth":2,"solarDay":17,"gregorianYear":1896,"gregorianMonth":5,"gregorianDay":1},"endDate":null,"aliases":["قتل ناصرالدین شاه","ترور ناصرالدین شاه","شاه شهید"],"personIds":["mirza-reza-kermani","asadabadi","amin-al-zarb","sheikh-hadi-najmabadi"]},{"id":"majles-vokala-tojjar","kind":"event","title":"تأسیس مجلس وکلای تجار ایران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/majles-vokala-tojjar","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/majles-vokala-tojjar","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/majles-vokala-tojjar?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"مرداد ۱۲۶۳","imperial":"مرداد ۲۴۴۳","gregorian":"اوت ۱۸۸۴","solarYear":1263,"solarMonth":5,"gregorianYear":1884,"gregorianMonth":8},"endDate":null,"aliases":["مجلس تجارت","مجلس وکلای تجار"],"personIds":["amin-al-zarb","mirza-javad-mojtahed","zell-e-soltan"]},{"id":"karun-navigation","kind":"event","title":"اعطای امتیاز کشتیرانی کارون به بریتانیا","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/karun-navigation","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/karun-navigation","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/karun-navigation?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۹ آبان ۱۲۶۷","imperial":"۹ آبان ۲۴۴۷","gregorian":"۳۱ اکتبر ۱۸۸۸","solarYear":1267,"solarMonth":8,"solarDay":9,"gregorianYear":1888,"gregorianMonth":10,"gregorianDay":31},"endDate":null,"aliases":["کشتیرانی کارون","امتیاز رود کارون"],"personIds":["amin-al-soltan"]},{"id":"bank-shahanshahi","kind":"event","title":"تأسیس بانک شاهنشاهی ایران توسط بارون دو رویتر","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/bank-shahanshahi","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/bank-shahanshahi","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/bank-shahanshahi?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۱ بهمن ۱۲۶۷","imperial":"۱۱ بهمن ۲۴۴۷","gregorian":"۳۰ ژانویه ۱۸۸۹","solarYear":1267,"solarMonth":11,"solarDay":11,"gregorianYear":1889,"gregorianMonth":1,"gregorianDay":30},"endDate":null,"aliases":["بانک شاهی","بانک شاهنشاهی ایران"],"personIds":["amin-al-soltan"]},{"id":"tobacco","kind":"event","title":"نهضت تنباکو و لغو امتیاز رژی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/tobacco","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/tobacco","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/tobacco?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"دی ۱۲۶۹","imperial":"دی ۲۴۴۹","gregorian":"ژانویه ۱۸۹۱","solarYear":1269,"solarMonth":10,"gregorianYear":1891,"gregorianMonth":1},"endDate":{"shamsi":"بهمن ۱۲۷۰","imperial":"بهمن ۲۴۵۰","gregorian":"فوریه ۱۸۹۲","solarYear":1270,"solarMonth":11,"gregorianYear":1892,"gregorianMonth":2},"aliases":["تنباکو","رژی","تالبوت","امتیاز تنباکو","تحریم تنباکو","Tobacco Protest"],"personIds":["malkom","asadabadi","mirzaye-shirazi","aqa-najafi","fal-asiri","mirza-javad-mojtahed","mirza-aqa-khan-kermani","amin-al-soltan","mirza-hasan-ashtiani"]},{"id":"shirazi-tobacco-fatwa","kind":"event","title":"فتوای تحریم استعمال توتون و تنباکو","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/shirazi-tobacco-fatwa","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/shirazi-tobacco-fatwa","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/shirazi-tobacco-fatwa?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۲ آذر ۱۲۷۰","imperial":"۱۲ آذر ۲۴۵۰","gregorian":"۳ دسامبر ۱۸۹۱","solarYear":1270,"solarMonth":9,"solarDay":12,"gregorianYear":1891,"gregorianMonth":12,"gregorianDay":3},"endDate":null,"aliases":["فتوای میرزای شیرازی","فتوای تحریم تنباکو"],"personIds":["mirzaye-shirazi","aqa-najafi"]},{"id":"tobacco-export-monopoly","kind":"event","title":"واگذاری انحصار صدور تنباکو پس از لغو رژی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/tobacco-export-monopoly","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/tobacco-export-monopoly","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/tobacco-export-monopoly?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"فروردین ۱۲۷۱","imperial":"فروردین ۲۴۵۱","gregorian":"آوریل ۱۸۹۲","solarYear":1271,"solarMonth":1,"gregorianYear":1892,"gregorianMonth":4},"endDate":null,"aliases":["انحصار صدور تنباکو","کمپانی تنباکوی استانبول"],"personIds":["amin-al-soltan"]},{"id":"russian-1905-revolution","kind":"event","title":"انقلاب ۱۹۰۵ روسیه و صدور مانیفست اکتبر","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/russian-1905-revolution","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/russian-1905-revolution","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/russian-1905-revolution?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲ بهمن ۱۲۸۳","imperial":"۲ بهمن ۲۴۶۳","gregorian":"۲۲ ژانویه ۱۹۰۵","solarYear":1283,"solarMonth":11,"solarDay":2,"gregorianYear":1905,"gregorianMonth":1,"gregorianDay":22},"endDate":null,"aliases":["انقلاب ۱۹۰۵ روسیه","یکشنبه خونین","مانیفست اکتبر"],"personIds":["taqizadeh","haydar-khan"]},{"id":"russo-japanese-war-impact","kind":"event","title":"جنگ روسیه و ژاپن و تکانه روانی پیروزی مشروطه آسیایی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/russo-japanese-war-impact","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/russo-japanese-war-impact","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/russo-japanese-war-impact?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"بهمن ۱۲۸۲","imperial":"بهمن ۲۴۶۲","gregorian":"فوریه ۱۹۰۴","solarYear":1282,"solarMonth":11,"gregorianYear":1904,"gregorianMonth":2},"endDate":{"shamsi":"شهریور ۱۲۸۴","imperial":"شهریور ۲۴۶۴","gregorian":"سپتامبر ۱۹۰۵","solarYear":1284,"solarMonth":6,"gregorianYear":1905,"gregorianMonth":9},"aliases":["جنگ روس و ژاپن","تسوشیما","پورت آرتور"],"personIds":["dehkhoda","talebov"]},{"id":"roshdiyeh-schools-tabriz","kind":"event","title":"تأسیس مدارس ابتدایی مدرن در تبریز توسط رشدیه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/roshdiyeh-schools-tabriz","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/roshdiyeh-schools-tabriz","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/roshdiyeh-schools-tabriz?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۲۶۷","imperial":"۲۴۴۷","gregorian":"۱۸۸۸","solarYear":1267,"gregorianYear":1888},"endDate":null,"aliases":["مدارس رشدیه تبریز","مکتب رشدیه"],"personIds":["rushdiyeh","talebov"]},{"id":"anjoman-maaref","kind":"event","title":"تشکیل انجمن معارف در تهران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/anjoman-maaref","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/anjoman-maaref","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/anjoman-maaref?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"اسفند ۱۲۷۶","imperial":"اسفند ۲۴۵۶","gregorian":"مارس ۱۸۹۸","solarYear":1276,"solarMonth":12,"gregorianYear":1898,"gregorianMonth":3},"endDate":null,"aliases":["انجمن معارف","نهضت مدرسه‌سازی"],"personIds":["ehtesham-al-saltaneh","yahya-dowlatabadi","rushdiyeh","amin-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"hossein-qoli-khan-murder","kind":"event","title":"قتل حسینقلی خان ایلخانی بختیاری به دست ظل‌السلطان","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/hossein-qoli-khan-murder","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/hossein-qoli-khan-murder","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/hossein-qoli-khan-murder?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۴ خرداد ۱۲۶۱","imperial":"۲۴ خرداد ۲۴۴۱","gregorian":"۱۴ ژوئن ۱۸۸۲","solarYear":1261,"solarMonth":3,"solarDay":24,"gregorianYear":1882,"gregorianMonth":6,"gregorianDay":14},"endDate":null,"aliases":["قتل ایلخانی","کشتن حسینقلی خان"],"personIds":["hossein-qoli-bakhtiari","sardar-asad","samsam","zell-e-soltan"]},{"id":"zarrabkhaneh-modern","kind":"event","title":"افتتاح و تمرکز ضرابخانه دولتی تهران با ماشین‌آلات مدرن","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/zarrabkhaneh-modern","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/zarrabkhaneh-modern","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/zarrabkhaneh-modern?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"خرداد ۱۲۵۶","imperial":"خرداد ۲۴۳۶","gregorian":"ژوئن ۱۸۷۷","solarYear":1256,"solarMonth":3,"gregorianYear":1877,"gregorianMonth":6},"endDate":null,"aliases":["ضرابخانه دولتی","دارالضرب تهران"],"personIds":["amin-al-zarb","amin-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"first-russian-loan","kind":"event","title":"استقراض نخست دولت ایران از روسیه (۲۲.۵ میلیون روبل)","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/first-russian-loan","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/first-russian-loan","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/first-russian-loan?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"دی ۱۲۷۸","imperial":"دی ۲۴۵۸","gregorian":"ژانویه ۱۹۰۰","solarYear":1278,"solarMonth":10,"gregorianYear":1900,"gregorianMonth":1},"endDate":null,"aliases":["قرضه اول روس","وام ۲۲.۵ میلیون روبلی"],"personIds":["amin-al-soltan","joseph-naus","mozaffar-person"]},{"id":"shabnameh-arrests-1319","kind":"event","title":"دستگیری شبنامه‌نویسان و قصیدهٔ فخرالواعظین","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/shabnameh-arrests-1319","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/shabnameh-arrests-1319","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/shabnameh-arrests-1319?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"مهر ۱۲۸۰","imperial":"مهر ۲۴۶۰","gregorian":"اکتبر ۱۹۰۱","solarYear":1280,"solarMonth":7,"gregorianYear":1901,"gregorianMonth":10},"endDate":null,"aliases":["دستگیری شبنامه‌نویسان","قصیده فخرالواعظین"],"personIds":["amin-al-soltan","rushdiyeh","sheikh-hadi-najmabadi","mozaffar-person"]},{"id":"darcy-oil-concession","kind":"event","title":"امضای امتیازنامه انحصاری نفت ویلیام ناکس دارسی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/darcy-oil-concession","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/darcy-oil-concession","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/darcy-oil-concession?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۷ خرداد ۱۲۸۰","imperial":"۷ خرداد ۲۴۶۰","gregorian":"۲۸ مه ۱۹۰۱","solarYear":1280,"solarMonth":3,"solarDay":7,"gregorianYear":1901,"gregorianMonth":5,"gregorianDay":28},"endDate":null,"aliases":["امتیاز دارسی","قرارداد نفت ۱۹۰۱"],"personIds":["amin-al-soltan","mozaffar-person"]},{"id":"second-russian-loan","kind":"event","title":"استقراض دوم از روسیه و امتیاز راه جلفا–تبریز","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/second-russian-loan","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/second-russian-loan","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/second-russian-loan?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"اسفند ۱۲۸۰","imperial":"اسفند ۲۴۶۰","gregorian":"مارس ۱۹۰۲","solarYear":1280,"solarMonth":12,"gregorianYear":1902,"gregorianMonth":3},"endDate":null,"aliases":["قرضه دوم روس","وام ۱۰ میلیون روبلی"],"personIds":["amin-al-soltan","behbahani","mozaffar-person"]},{"id":"customs-tariff-1903","kind":"event","title":"ابلاغ نظام‌نامه و تعرفه جدید گمرکی ۱۹۰۳","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/customs-tariff-1903","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/customs-tariff-1903","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/customs-tariff-1903?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۳ بهمن ۱۲۸۱","imperial":"۲۳ بهمن ۲۴۶۱","gregorian":"۱۲ فوریه ۱۹۰۳","solarYear":1281,"solarMonth":11,"solarDay":23,"gregorianYear":1903,"gregorianMonth":2,"gregorianDay":12},"endDate":null,"aliases":["تعرفه گمرکی ۱۹۰۳","فرمان گمرکی ۱۳۲۰"],"personIds":["joseph-naus","amin-al-soltan","mozaffar-person"]},{"id":"tabriz-prim-riot-1282","kind":"event","title":"شورش تبریز بر مسیو پریم و بستن دبستانها","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/tabriz-prim-riot-1282","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/tabriz-prim-riot-1282","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/tabriz-prim-riot-1282?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"تیر ۱۲۸۲","imperial":"تیر ۲۴۶۲","gregorian":"ژوئیه ۱۹۰۳","solarYear":1282,"solarMonth":4,"gregorianYear":1903,"gregorianMonth":7},"endDate":null,"aliases":["شورش مسیو پریم","دستخط پریم"],"personIds":["mohammad-ali-person","haj-mirza-hasan-mojtahed-tabriz","joseph-naus"]},{"id":"forged-najaf-takfir-atabak","kind":"event","title":"نوشتهٔ ساختگی تکفیر اتابک به نام علمای نجف","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/forged-najaf-takfir-atabak","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/forged-najaf-takfir-atabak","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/forged-najaf-takfir-atabak?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"شهریور ۱۲۸۲","imperial":"شهریور ۲۴۶۲","gregorian":"سپتامبر ۱۹۰۳","solarYear":1282,"solarMonth":6,"gregorianYear":1903,"gregorianMonth":9},"endDate":null,"aliases":["تکفیر ساختگی اتابک","نوشته ساختگی تکفیر اتابک"],"personIds":["amin-al-soltan","akhund-khorasani","mozaffar-person"]},{"id":"bagh-mikadeh","kind":"event","title":"تأسیس مجمع سرّی باغ میکده و تشکیل کمیته انقلاب","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/bagh-mikadeh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/bagh-mikadeh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/bagh-mikadeh?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۶ خرداد ۱۲۸۳","imperial":"۶ خرداد ۲۴۶۳","gregorian":"۲۸ مه ۱۹۰۴","solarYear":1283,"solarMonth":3,"solarDay":6,"gregorianYear":1904,"gregorianMonth":5,"gregorianDay":28},"endDate":null,"aliases":["باغ میکده","کمیته انقلاب ۱۲۸۳"],"personIds":["malek-al-motekallemin","yahya-dowlatabadi","arbab-jamshid","jahangir-khan"]},{"id":"anjoman-makhfi","kind":"event","title":"تشکیل انجمن مخفی در تهران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/anjoman-makhfi","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/anjoman-makhfi","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/anjoman-makhfi?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۴ اسفند ۱۲۸۳","imperial":"۴ اسفند ۲۴۶۳","gregorian":"۲۳ فوریه ۱۹۰۵","solarYear":1283,"solarMonth":12,"solarDay":4,"gregorianYear":1905,"gregorianMonth":2,"gregorianDay":23},"endDate":null,"aliases":["انجمن مخفی","انجمن مخفی ناظم‌الاسلام"],"personIds":["tabatabai","behbahani"]},{"id":"naus-masquerade-scandal","kind":"event","title":"غائله عکس بالماسکه مسیو نوز","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/naus-masquerade-scandal","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/naus-masquerade-scandal","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/naus-masquerade-scandal?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۵ اسفند ۱۲۸۳","imperial":"۲۵ اسفند ۲۴۶۳","gregorian":"۱۶ مارس ۱۹۰۵","solarYear":1283,"solarMonth":12,"solarDay":25,"gregorianYear":1905,"gregorianMonth":3,"gregorianDay":16},"endDate":null,"aliases":["عکس بالماسکه نوز","نطق تاسوعای بهبهانی"],"personIds":["behbahani","joseph-naus","ain-al-dowleh","sheikh-fazlollah"]},{"id":"dokhtaran-quchan","kind":"event","title":"فاجعه اسارت و فروش دختران قوچان","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/dokhtaran-quchan","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/dokhtaran-quchan","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/dokhtaran-quchan?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"تیر ۱۲۸۴","imperial":"تیر ۲۴۶۴","gregorian":"ژوئیه ۱۹۰۵","solarYear":1284,"solarMonth":4,"gregorianYear":1905,"gregorianMonth":7},"endDate":null,"aliases":["دختران قوچان","تراژدی قوچان"],"personIds":["ain-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"sugar-merchants-bastinado","kind":"event","title":"فلک کردن تجار قند توسط علاءالدوله در تهران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/sugar-merchants-bastinado","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/sugar-merchants-bastinado","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/sugar-merchants-bastinado?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۱ آذر ۱۲۸۴","imperial":"۲۱ آذر ۲۴۶۴","gregorian":"۱۲ دسامبر ۱۹۰۵","solarYear":1284,"solarMonth":9,"solarDay":21,"gregorianYear":1905,"gregorianMonth":12,"gregorianDay":12},"endDate":null,"aliases":["چوب زدن تجار","فلک تجار قند"],"personIds":["ala-al-dowleh","rushdiyeh","tabatabai","behbahani","seyyed-jamal-vaez"]},{"id":"masjid-shah-1323","kind":"event","title":"هنگامهٔ مسجد شاه و منبر سید جمال واعظ","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/masjid-shah-1323","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/masjid-shah-1323","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/masjid-shah-1323?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۲ آذر ۱۲۸۴","imperial":"۲۲ آذر ۲۴۶۴","gregorian":"۱۳ دسامبر ۱۹۰۵","solarYear":1284,"solarMonth":9,"solarDay":22,"gregorianYear":1905,"gregorianMonth":12,"gregorianDay":13},"endDate":null,"aliases":["مسجد شاه ۱۳۲۳","غوغای مسجد شاه","منبر سید جمال واعظ"],"personIds":["tabatabai","behbahani","seyyed-jamal-vaez"]},{"id":"kerman-ulama-protest","kind":"event","title":"فلک حاج میرزا محمدرضای کرمانی و اعتراض علمای تهران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/kerman-ulama-protest","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/kerman-ulama-protest","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/kerman-ulama-protest?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"مهر ۱۲۸۴","imperial":"مهر ۲۴۶۴","gregorian":"اکتبر ۱۹۰۵","solarYear":1284,"solarMonth":7,"gregorianYear":1905,"gregorianMonth":10},"endDate":null,"aliases":["فلک حاج میرزا محمدرضا","مجتهد کرمان"],"personIds":["tabatabai","behbahani","sheikh-fazlollah"]},{"id":"esteqrazi-bank-cemetery","kind":"event","title":"تخریب عمارت بانک استقراضی بر گورستان وقفی تهران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/esteqrazi-bank-cemetery","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/esteqrazi-bank-cemetery","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/esteqrazi-bank-cemetery?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۴ آذر ۱۲۸۴","imperial":"۴ آذر ۲۴۶۴","gregorian":"۲۵ نوامبر ۱۹۰۵","solarYear":1284,"solarMonth":9,"solarDay":4,"gregorianYear":1905,"gregorianMonth":11,"gregorianDay":25},"endDate":null,"aliases":["گورستان بانک استقراضی","تخریب عمارت بانک روس"],"personIds":["tabatabai","behbahani","sheikh-fazlollah","ain-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"bast-soghra-abdolazim","kind":"event","title":"هجرت صغری و تحصن در حرم شاه عبدالعظیم","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/bast-soghra-abdolazim","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/bast-soghra-abdolazim","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/bast-soghra-abdolazim?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۳ آذر ۱۲۸۴","imperial":"۲۳ آذر ۲۴۶۴","gregorian":"۱۴ دسامبر ۱۹۰۵","solarYear":1284,"solarMonth":9,"solarDay":23,"gregorianYear":1905,"gregorianMonth":12,"gregorianDay":14},"endDate":{"shamsi":"۲۲ دی ۱۲۸۴","imperial":"۲۲ دی ۲۴۶۴","gregorian":"۱۲ ژانویه ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1284,"solarMonth":10,"solarDay":22,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":1,"gregorianDay":12},"aliases":["هجرت صغری","بست شاه عبدالعظیم","بست صغری"],"personIds":["tabatabai","behbahani","ain-al-dowleh","malek-al-motekallemin","yahya-dowlatabadi","mozaffar-person"]},{"id":"anonymous-lawaieh-to-ulama","kind":"event","title":"لوایح بی‌نام خطاب به بهبهانی و طباطبایی در صحن عبدالعظیم","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/anonymous-lawaieh-to-ulama","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/anonymous-lawaieh-to-ulama","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/anonymous-lawaieh-to-ulama?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۵ دی ۱۲۸۴","imperial":"۵ دی ۲۴۶۴","gregorian":"۲۶ دسامبر ۱۹۰۵","solarYear":1284,"solarMonth":10,"solarDay":5,"gregorianYear":1905,"gregorianMonth":12,"gregorianDay":26},"endDate":null,"aliases":["لوایح بی‌نام به دو سید","عریضه به بهبهانی در عبدالعظیم"],"personIds":["tabatabai","behbahani"]},{"id":"mozaffar-adalatkhaneh-dastkhat","kind":"event","title":"دستخط مظفرالدین‌شاه در تأسیس عدالتخانهٔ دولتی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/mozaffar-adalatkhaneh-dastkhat","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/mozaffar-adalatkhaneh-dastkhat","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/mozaffar-adalatkhaneh-dastkhat?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۲ دی ۱۲۸۴","imperial":"۲۲ دی ۲۴۶۴","gregorian":"۱۲ ژانویه ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1284,"solarMonth":10,"solarDay":22,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":1,"gregorianDay":12},"endDate":null,"aliases":["دستخط عدالتخانه مظفر","فرمان عدالتخانه دولتی"],"personIds":["mozaffar-person","ain-al-dowleh","tabatabai","behbahani"]},{"id":"bast-abdolazim","kind":"event","title":"بست شاه عبدالعظیم و خواست عدالتخانه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/bast-abdolazim","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/bast-abdolazim","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/bast-abdolazim?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"آذر ۱۲۸۴","imperial":"آذر ۲۴۶۴","gregorian":"دسامبر ۱۹۰۵","solarYear":1284,"solarMonth":9,"gregorianYear":1905,"gregorianMonth":12},"endDate":null,"aliases":["خواست عدالتخانه","بست عدالتخانه","عدالتخانه مظفری"],"personIds":["tabatabai","behbahani","ain-al-dowleh","mozaffar-person"]},{"id":"edalatkhaneh-commission","kind":"event","title":"مجمع درباریان و نطق تاریخی احتشام‌السلطنه برای مشروطیت","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/edalatkhaneh-commission","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/edalatkhaneh-commission","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/edalatkhaneh-commission?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۸ اردیبهشت ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۸ اردیبهشت ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۲۸ آوریل ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":2,"solarDay":8,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":4,"gregorianDay":28},"endDate":null,"aliases":["جلسه ۸ اردیبهشت ۱۲۸۵","کمیسیون عدالتخانه"],"personIds":["ehtesham-al-saltaneh","ain-al-dowleh","amir-bahador"]},{"id":"tabatabai-letter-to-shah","kind":"event","title":"نامه تاریخی سید محمد طباطبایی به مظفرالدین‌شاه و تبیین مجلس عدالت","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/tabatabai-letter-to-shah","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/tabatabai-letter-to-shah","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/tabatabai-letter-to-shah?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱ خرداد ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۱ خرداد ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۲۲ مه ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":3,"solarDay":1,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":5,"gregorianDay":22},"endDate":null,"aliases":["نامه طباطبایی به شاه","نامه طباطبایی به شاه قاجار","عریضه مجلس عدالت","نامه خرداد ۱۲۸۵"],"personIds":["tabatabai","mozaffar-person","ain-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"tabatabai-letter-to-ayn-al-dowleh","kind":"event","title":"نامه طباطبایی به عین‌الدوله و برداشتن پرده از مجلس","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/tabatabai-letter-to-ayn-al-dowleh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/tabatabai-letter-to-ayn-al-dowleh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/tabatabai-letter-to-ayn-al-dowleh?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۰ اردیبهشت ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۲۰ اردیبهشت ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۱۰ مه ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":2,"solarDay":20,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":5,"gregorianDay":10},"endDate":null,"aliases":["نامه طباطبایی به عین‌الدوله","عریضه مجلس به صدر اعظم"],"personIds":["tabatabai","ain-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"exile-roshdiyeh-majdoleslam","kind":"event","title":"حکومت نظامی در تهران و تبعید رشدیه و مجدالاسلام به کلات","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/exile-roshdiyeh-majdoleslam","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/exile-roshdiyeh-majdoleslam","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/exile-roshdiyeh-majdoleslam?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۵ خرداد ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۲۵ خرداد ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۱۵ ژوئن ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":3,"solarDay":25,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":6,"gregorianDay":15},"endDate":null,"aliases":["تبعید رشدیه و مجدالاسلام به کلات","تبعید به کلات","حکومت نظامی عین‌الدوله","دستگیری رشدیه و مجدالاسلام"],"personIds":["ain-al-dowleh","sepehdar","rushdiyeh","majd-al-islam"]},{"id":"naser-al-molk-letter-to-tabatabai","kind":"event","title":"نامه انذارآمیز ناصرالملک به طباطبایی در نفی آمادگی برای مشروطه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/naser-al-molk-letter-to-tabatabai","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/naser-al-molk-letter-to-tabatabai","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/naser-al-molk-letter-to-tabatabai?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۰ تیر ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۱۰ تیر ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۱ ژوئیه ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":4,"solarDay":10,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":7,"gregorianDay":1},"endDate":null,"aliases":["نامه ناصرالملک به طباطبایی","انذارنامه ناصرالملک","تمثیل تازیانه و بیمار"],"personIds":["naser-al-molk","tabatabai","ain-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"martyrdom-of-seyyed-abdolhamid","kind":"event","title":"واقعه مسجد جامع تهران و شهادت سید عبدالحمید","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/martyrdom-of-seyyed-abdolhamid","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/martyrdom-of-seyyed-abdolhamid","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/martyrdom-of-seyyed-abdolhamid?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۰ تیر ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۲۰ تیر ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۱۱ ژوئیه ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":4,"solarDay":20,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":7,"gregorianDay":11},"endDate":null,"aliases":["واقعه مسجد جامع تهران","شهادت سید عبدالحمید","تیراندازی بازار تهران"],"personIds":["sheikh-mohammad-vaez","seyyed-abdolhamid","tabatabai","behbahani","sheikh-fazlollah","sepehdar"]},{"id":"qom-migration","kind":"event","title":"مهاجرت کبری علمای تهران به قم","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/qom-migration","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/qom-migration","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/qom-migration?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۴ تیر ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۲۴ تیر ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۱۵ ژوئیه ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":4,"solarDay":24,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":7,"gregorianDay":15},"endDate":null,"aliases":["مهاجرت قم","هجرت کبری","خروج علما به قم"],"personIds":["tabatabai","behbahani","sheikh-fazlollah","ain-al-dowleh","mozaffar-person"]},{"id":"bast-in-british-embassy","kind":"event","title":"بست‌نشینی گسترده اصناف و تجار در باغ سفارت بریتانیا","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/bast-in-british-embassy","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/bast-in-british-embassy","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/bast-in-british-embassy?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۸ تیر ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۲۸ تیر ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۲۰ ژوئیه ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":4,"solarDay":28,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":7,"gregorianDay":20},"endDate":{"shamsi":"۱۸ مرداد ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۱۸ مرداد ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۹ اوت ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":5,"solarDay":18,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":8,"gregorianDay":9},"aliases":["بست سفارت انگلیس","تحصن قلهک","بست اصناف در سفارت"],"personIds":["amin-al-zarb","moin-al-tojjar","arbab-jamshid","ehtesham-al-saltaneh","sani-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"dismissal-of-ayn-al-dowleh","kind":"event","title":"عزل عین‌الدوله و انتصاب مشیرالدوله به صدارت عظما","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/dismissal-of-ayn-al-dowleh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/dismissal-of-ayn-al-dowleh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/dismissal-of-ayn-al-dowleh?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۷ مرداد ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۷ مرداد ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۲۹ ژوئیه ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":5,"solarDay":7,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":7,"gregorianDay":29},"endDate":null,"aliases":["سقوط عین‌الدوله","عزل عین‌الدوله","صدارت مشیرالدوله نایینی"],"personIds":["ain-al-dowleh","moshir-al-dowleh","mozaffar-person"]},{"id":"farman","kind":"event","title":"صدور فرمان مشروطیت توسط مظفرالدین‌شاه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/farman","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/farman","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/farman?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۴ مرداد ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۱۴ مرداد ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۵ اوت ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":5,"solarDay":14,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":8,"gregorianDay":5},"endDate":null,"aliases":["فرمان مشروطه","فرمان مشروطیت","دستخط مشروطه","۱۴ مرداد ۱۲۸۵","1906 constitutional farman"],"personIds":["mozaffar-person","tabatabai","behbahani","moshir-al-dowleh","hassan-pirnia"]},{"id":"emergence-ejtemaiyyun-amiyyun","kind":"event","title":"تکوین فرقه اجتماعیون عامیون در باکو و تهران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/emergence-ejtemaiyyun-amiyyun","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/emergence-ejtemaiyyun-amiyyun","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/emergence-ejtemaiyyun-amiyyun?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۵ مرداد ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۱۵ مرداد ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۶ اوت ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":5,"solarDay":15,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":8,"gregorianDay":6},"endDate":null,"aliases":["فرقه اجتماعیون عامیون","سوسیال دموکرات‌های ایران","حزب همت و کارگران باکو"],"personIds":["haydar-khan","ali-monsieur","taqizadeh"]},{"id":"provisional-council-at-military-school","kind":"event","title":"تشکیل مجلس موقت در مدرسه نظامی تهران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/provisional-council-at-military-school","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/provisional-council-at-military-school","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/provisional-council-at-military-school?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۶ مرداد ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۲۶ مرداد ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۱۷ اوت ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":5,"solarDay":26,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":8,"gregorianDay":17},"endDate":null,"aliases":["مجلس موقت مشروطه","جلسه مدرسه نظامی"],"personIds":["moshir-al-dowleh","tabatabai","sani-al-dowleh","yahya-dowlatabadi"]},{"id":"electoral-law-ratification","kind":"event","title":"تصویب و توشیح نظام‌نامه انتخابات صنفی و طبقاتی مجلس اول","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/electoral-law-ratification","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/electoral-law-ratification","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/electoral-law-ratification?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۷ شهریور ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۱۷ شهریور ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۸ سپتامبر ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":6,"solarDay":17,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":9,"gregorianDay":8},"endDate":null,"aliases":["نظام‌نامه انتخابات مجلس اول","قانون انتخابات صنفی"],"personIds":["hassan-pirnia","hossein-pirnia","sani-al-dowleh","amir-bahador","mozaffar-person"]},{"id":"rasht-and-tabriz-bast-elections","kind":"event","title":"بست‌نشینی در رشت و تبریز برای تضمین اجرای نظام‌نامه انتخابات","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/rasht-and-tabriz-bast-elections","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/rasht-and-tabriz-bast-elections","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/rasht-and-tabriz-bast-elections?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۶ شهریور ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۲۶ شهریور ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۱۷ سپتامبر ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":6,"solarDay":26,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":9,"gregorianDay":17},"endDate":null,"aliases":["تحصن کنسولگری تبریز","بست‌نشینی رشت"],"personIds":["mohammad-ali-person","mozaffar-person","seqat-al-islam","ali-monsieur","haj-mirza-hasan-mojtahed-tabriz"]},{"id":"majlis-opened","kind":"event","title":"گشایش دارالشورای ملی و آغاز به کار مجلس شورای ملی دوره نخست","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/majlis-opened","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/majlis-opened","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/majlis-opened?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۴ مهر ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۱۴ مهر ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۷ اکتبر ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":7,"solarDay":14,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":10,"gregorianDay":7},"endDate":null,"aliases":["مجلس اول","افتتاح دارالشورای ملی","بهارستان"],"personIds":["sani-al-dowleh","tabatabai","behbahani","talebov","ehtesham-al-saltaneh","arbab-jamshid","amin-al-zarb","taqizadeh"]},{"id":"national-bank-initiative","kind":"event","title":"رد استقراض خارجی و طرح تأسیس بانک ملی ایران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/national-bank-initiative","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/national-bank-initiative","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/national-bank-initiative?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۵ آبان ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۱۵ آبان ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۶ نوامبر ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":8,"solarDay":15,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":11,"gregorianDay":6},"endDate":null,"aliases":["رد وام روس و انگلیس","تأسیس بانک ملی","بانک ملت"],"personIds":["amin-al-zarb","moin-al-tojjar","naser-al-molk","moshir-al-dowleh","sani-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"anzali-fishermen-strike","kind":"event","title":"اعتصاب صیادان بندر انزلی علیه کمپانی شیلات لیانازوف","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/anzali-fishermen-strike","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/anzali-fishermen-strike","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/anzali-fishermen-strike?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۰ آذر ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۱۰ آذر ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۱ دسامبر ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":9,"solarDay":10,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":12,"gregorianDay":1},"endDate":{"shamsi":"اسفند ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"اسفند ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"مارس ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":12,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":3},"aliases":["اعتصاب صیادان انزلی","اعتصاب شیلات شمال","امتیاز لیانازوف"],"personIds":["tabatabai","behbahani"]},{"id":"fundamental-law-struggle","kind":"event","title":"بحران تدوین و مشاجرات تصویب قانون اساسی ۵۱ ماده‌ای","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/fundamental-law-struggle","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/fundamental-law-struggle","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/fundamental-law-struggle?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۴ آذر ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۲۴ آذر ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۱۵ دسامبر ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":9,"solarDay":24,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":12,"gregorianDay":15},"endDate":{"shamsi":"۵ دی ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۵ دی ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۲۶ دسامبر ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":10,"solarDay":5,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":12,"gregorianDay":26},"aliases":["بحران تصویب قانون اساسی","جدال مجلس سنا","کشمکش انحلال مجلس"],"personIds":["hassan-pirnia","hossein-pirnia","mohammad-ali-person","sani-al-dowleh","saad-al-dowleh","behbahani","tabatabai"]},{"id":"constitution-signed","kind":"event","title":"توشیح قانون اساسی ۵۱ ماده‌ای مشروطه توسط مظفرالدین‌شاه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/constitution-signed","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/constitution-signed","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/constitution-signed?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۸ دی ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۸ دی ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۳۰ دسامبر ۱۹۰۶","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":10,"solarDay":8,"gregorianYear":1906,"gregorianMonth":12,"gregorianDay":30},"endDate":null,"aliases":["قانون اساسی ۵۱ اصل","توشیح قانون اساسی","نظام‌نامه اساسی","Persian Constitution of 1906"],"personIds":["mozaffar-person","mohammad-ali-person","sani-al-dowleh","hassan-pirnia","moshir-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"mozaffar-al-din-death","kind":"event","title":"درگذشت مظفرالدین‌شاه قاجار و انتقال سلطنت","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/mozaffar-al-din-death","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/mozaffar-al-din-death","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/mozaffar-al-din-death?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۸ دی ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۱۸ دی ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۸ ژانویه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":10,"solarDay":18,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":1,"gregorianDay":8},"endDate":null,"aliases":["مرگ مظفرالدین‌شاه","وفات شاه مشروطه"],"personIds":["mozaffar-person","mohammad-ali-person","moshir-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"mohammad-ali-coronation-boycott","kind":"event","title":"تاج‌گذاری محمدعلی‌شاه و بی‌اعتنایی به نمایندگان مجلس","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/mohammad-ali-coronation-boycott","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/mohammad-ali-coronation-boycott","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/mohammad-ali-coronation-boycott?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۸ دی ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۲۸ دی ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۱۸ ژانویه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":10,"solarDay":28,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":1,"gregorianDay":18},"endDate":null,"aliases":["تاج‌گذاری محمدعلی‌شاه","تحریم مجلس در تاج‌گذاری","جلوس شاه قاجار"],"personIds":["mohammad-ali-person","moshir-al-dowleh","sani-al-dowleh","amir-bahador"]},{"id":"national-bank-charter","kind":"event","title":"تصویب امتیازنامه دوازده‌گانه تأسیس بانک ملی ایران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/national-bank-charter","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/national-bank-charter","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/national-bank-charter?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۸ دی ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۲۸ دی ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۱۸ ژانویه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":10,"solarDay":28,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":1,"gregorianDay":18},"endDate":null,"aliases":["امتیازنامه بانک ملی","چارتر بانک ملی","قانون تأسیس بانک ملی"],"personIds":["amin-al-zarb","tabatabai","saad-al-dowleh","taqizadeh"]},{"id":"ministerial-responsibility-dispute","kind":"event","title":"بحران مسئولیت وزرا در برابر مجلس و سقوط کابینه مشیرالدوله","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/ministerial-responsibility-dispute","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/ministerial-responsibility-dispute","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/ministerial-responsibility-dispute?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۳ بهمن ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۱۳ بهمن ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۲ فوریه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":11,"solarDay":13,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":2,"gregorianDay":2},"endDate":null,"aliases":["مسئولیت وزرا","استنطاق ناصرالملک","بحران کابینه مشیرالدوله"],"personIds":["saad-al-dowleh","taqizadeh","naser-al-molk","sani-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"dismissal-of-naus-prioux","kind":"event","title":"عزل جوزف نوز و پایان تصدی بلژیکی‌ها بر گمرکات ایران","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/dismissal-of-naus-prioux","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/dismissal-of-naus-prioux","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/dismissal-of-naus-prioux?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۰ بهمن ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۲۰ بهمن ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۹ فوریه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":11,"solarDay":20,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":2,"gregorianDay":9},"endDate":null,"aliases":["اخراج مسیو نوز","عزل نوز و پریو","برکناری مستشاران بلژیکی"],"personIds":["joseph-naus","saad-al-dowleh","mohammad-ali-person"]},{"id":"tabriz-ultimatum-royal-firman","kind":"event","title":"قیام مشروطه‌خواهان تبریز و دستخط سلطنتی اعلام مشروطیت","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/tabriz-ultimatum-royal-firman","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/tabriz-ultimatum-royal-firman","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/tabriz-ultimatum-royal-firman?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۱ بهمن ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۲۱ بهمن ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۱۰ فوریه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":11,"solarDay":21,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":2,"gregorianDay":10},"endDate":null,"aliases":["دستخط مشروطه محمدعلی‌شاه","اولتیماتوم تبریز","بحران بهمن ۱۲۸۵"],"personIds":["mohammad-ali-person","taqizadeh","saad-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"talebov-critique-izahat","kind":"event","title":"رساله «ایضاحات در خصوص آزادی» و نقد طالبوف بر قانون اساسی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/talebov-critique-izahat","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/talebov-critique-izahat","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/talebov-critique-izahat?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۵ بهمن ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۲۵ بهمن ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۱۴ فوریه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":11,"solarDay":25,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":2,"gregorianDay":14},"endDate":null,"aliases":["رساله ایضاحات طالبوف","نقد قانون اساسی اول","طالبوف و حقوق ملت"],"personIds":["talebov","taqizadeh","sani-al-dowleh","hassan-pirnia"]},{"id":"dokhtaran-e-quchan-inquiry","kind":"event","title":"استنطاق مجلس در فاجعه دختران قوچان و عزل آصف‌الدوله","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/dokhtaran-e-quchan-inquiry","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/dokhtaran-e-quchan-inquiry","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/dokhtaran-e-quchan-inquiry?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۶ اسفند ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۶ اسفند ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۲۵ فوریه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":12,"solarDay":6,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":2,"gregorianDay":25},"endDate":null,"aliases":["پرونده دختران قوچان","استنطاق آصف‌الدوله","محاکمه حکام خراسان"],"personIds":["sani-al-dowleh","saad-al-dowleh","ain-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"anti-bribery-law-shabnameh","kind":"event","title":"تصویب قانون مجازات ارتشاء و انتشار شب‌نامه‌های انقلابی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/anti-bribery-law-shabnameh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/anti-bribery-law-shabnameh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/anti-bribery-law-shabnameh?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۳ اسفند ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۱۳ اسفند ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۴ مارس ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":12,"solarDay":13,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":3,"gregorianDay":4},"endDate":null,"aliases":["قانون منع رشوه","شب‌نامه‌های تهران","مجازات راشی و مرتشی"],"personIds":["taqizadeh","behbahani","tabatabai","malek-al-motekallemin"]},{"id":"zell-e-soltan-dismissal-isfahan","kind":"event","title":"خیزش انجمن اصفهان، تحصن کنسولگری و برکناری ظل‌السلطان","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/zell-e-soltan-dismissal-isfahan","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/zell-e-soltan-dismissal-isfahan","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/zell-e-soltan-dismissal-isfahan?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۴ اسفند ۱۲۸۵","imperial":"۲۴ اسفند ۲۴۶۵","gregorian":"۱۵ مارس ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1285,"solarMonth":12,"solarDay":24,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":3,"gregorianDay":15},"endDate":null,"aliases":["سقوط ظل‌السلطان","تحصن اصفهان","عزل حاکم اصفهان"],"personIds":["zell-e-soltan","aqa-najafi","aqa-nurullah-isfahani","mohammad-ali-person","saad-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"provincial-councils-law","kind":"event","title":"تصویب قانون انجمن‌های ایالتی و ولایتی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/provincial-councils-law","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/provincial-councils-law","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/provincial-councils-law?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۴ فروردین ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۲۴ فروردین ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۱۴ آوریل ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":1,"solarDay":24,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":4,"gregorianDay":14},"endDate":null,"aliases":["قانون انجمن‌های ولایتی","قانون شوراها","قانون تمرکززدایی مشروطه"],"personIds":["taqizadeh","sani-al-dowleh","mostashar-al-dowleh","seqat-al-islam","sheikh-mohammad-khiabani","mirza-esmail-nubari"]},{"id":"tabriz-resistance-rahim-khan-1286","kind":"event","title":"بحران آذربایجان: اخراج مجتهد، توطئه ترور و قیام ۴ خرداد بهارستان","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/tabriz-resistance-rahim-khan-1286","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/tabriz-resistance-rahim-khan-1286","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/tabriz-resistance-rahim-khan-1286?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۳ فروردین ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۲۳ فروردین ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۱۳ آوریل ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":1,"solarDay":23,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":4,"gregorianDay":13},"endDate":{"shamsi":"۵ خرداد ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۵ خرداد ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۲۶ مه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":3,"solarDay":5,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":5,"gregorianDay":26},"aliases":["اخراج میرزا حسن مجتهد","توطئه اکرام‌السلطان","تحصن ۴ خرداد بهارستان","توقیف رحیم‌خان چلبیانلو"],"personIds":["rahim-khan","sattar-khan","mohammad-ali-person","tabatabai","behbahani","taqizadeh","seqat-al-islam","sheikh-mohammad-khiabani","eqbal-al-saltaneh-maku","haj-mirza-hasan-mojtahed-tabriz"]},{"id":"amin-al-soltan-atabak-return","kind":"event","title":"بازگشت اتابک اعظم به ایران و تشکیل کابینه رئیس‌الوزرایی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/amin-al-soltan-atabak-return","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/amin-al-soltan-atabak-return","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/amin-al-soltan-atabak-return?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۳۰ فروردین ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۳۰ فروردین ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۲۰ آوریل ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":1,"solarDay":30,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":4,"gregorianDay":20},"endDate":{"shamsi":"۱۲ اردیبهشت ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۱۲ اردیبهشت ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۲ مه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":2,"solarDay":12,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":5,"gregorianDay":2},"aliases":["بازگشت اتابک اعظم","کابینه امین‌السلطان","ریاست وزرای اتابک"],"personIds":["amin-al-soltan","mohammad-ali-person","sani-al-dowleh","saad-al-dowleh","haydar-khan","farmanfarma-person"]},{"id":"parliament-internal-schism-sani-saad","kind":"event","title":"بحران داخلی بهارستان و انشقاق میان صنیع‌الدوله و سعدالدوله","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/parliament-internal-schism-sani-saad","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/parliament-internal-schism-sani-saad","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/parliament-internal-schism-sani-saad?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۰ اردیبهشت ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۲۰ اردیبهشت ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۱۰ مه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":2,"solarDay":20,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":5,"gregorianDay":10},"endDate":null,"aliases":["استعفای صنیع‌الدوله","قهر سعدالدوله از مجلس","بحران ریاست بهارستان"],"personIds":["sani-al-dowleh","saad-al-dowleh","amin-al-zarb"]},{"id":"imperial-bank-silver-monopoly","kind":"event","title":"کارشکنی دیپلماتیک بریتانیا و اعطای غیرقانونی امتیاز نقره به بانک شاهنشاهی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/imperial-bank-silver-monopoly","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/imperial-bank-silver-monopoly","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/imperial-bank-silver-monopoly?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۲ اردیبهشت ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۲۲ اردیبهشت ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۱۲ مه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":2,"solarDay":22,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":5,"gregorianDay":12},"endDate":null,"aliases":["توطئه واردات نقره","تهدید اسپرینگ-رایس","کارشکنی بانک شاهنشاهی"],"personIds":["naser-al-molk","sani-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"fiscal-tax-reform-tuyul-abolition","kind":"event","title":"انقلاب مالیاتی بهارستان و قانون الغای تیول‌داری و تسعیر","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/fiscal-tax-reform-tuyul-abolition","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/fiscal-tax-reform-tuyul-abolition","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/fiscal-tax-reform-tuyul-abolition?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۵ اردیبهشت ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۲۵ اردیبهشت ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۱۵ مه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":2,"solarDay":25,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":5,"gregorianDay":15},"endDate":null,"aliases":["لغو تیول‌داری","الغای تسعیر","قانون اصلاحات مالیاتی مجلس اول"],"personIds":["sani-al-dowleh","taqizadeh","mohammad-ali-person"]},{"id":"salar-al-dowleh-rebellion","kind":"event","title":"شورش مسلحانه سالارالدوله در غرب کشور و ادعای سلطنت","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/salar-al-dowleh-rebellion","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/salar-al-dowleh-rebellion","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/salar-al-dowleh-rebellion?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۷ اردیبهشت ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۲۷ اردیبهشت ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۱۸ مه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":2,"solarDay":27,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":5,"gregorianDay":18},"endDate":{"shamsi":"۹ تیر ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۹ تیر ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۳۰ ژوئن ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":4,"solarDay":9,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":6,"gregorianDay":30},"aliases":["شورش سالارالدوله","طغیان ابوالفتح میرزا","نبرد نهاوند ۱۲۸۶"],"personIds":["salar-al-dowleh","mohammad-ali-person","amin-al-soltan","zahir-al-dowleh","farmanfarma-person"]},{"id":"motammam-bill-of-rights-mosavat","kind":"event","title":"بحران اصل هشتم متمم قانون اساسی و مناقشه مساوات حقوقی اقلیت‌ها","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/motammam-bill-of-rights-mosavat","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/motammam-bill-of-rights-mosavat","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/motammam-bill-of-rights-mosavat?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۸ اردیبهشت ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۲۸ اردیبهشت ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۱۹ مه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":2,"solarDay":28,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":5,"gregorianDay":19},"endDate":null,"aliases":["اصل هشتم متمم","مناقشه مساوات در مجلس اول","دادخواست زرتشتیان ۲۸ اردیبهشت"],"personIds":["arbab-jamshid","behbahani","tabatabai","taqizadeh","mostashar-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"hoqooq-va-vazaef-mellat-book","kind":"event","title":"انتشار رساله «حقوق و وظایف ملت» و بومی‌سازی آموزه آزادی، برابری، برادری","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/hoqooq-va-vazaef-mellat-book","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/hoqooq-va-vazaef-mellat-book","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/hoqooq-va-vazaef-mellat-book?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱ خرداد ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۱ خرداد ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۲۲ مه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":3,"solarDay":1,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":5,"gregorianDay":22},"endDate":null,"aliases":["کتاب حقوق و وظایف ملت","رساله حقوق و وظایف ملت ۱۲۸۶"],"personIds":["taqizadeh","mostashar-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"motammam-article-two-debate","kind":"event","title":"مناقشه بر سر اصل دوم متمم و نظارت پنج مجتهد طراز اول","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/motammam-article-two-debate","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/motammam-article-two-debate","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/motammam-article-two-debate?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۰ خرداد ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۱۰ خرداد ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۳۱ مه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":3,"solarDay":10,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":5,"gregorianDay":31},"endDate":null,"aliases":["اصل دوم متمم","هیئت علمای طراز اول","نظارت پنج مجتهد","مشروطه مشروعه"],"personIds":["sheikh-fazlollah","mirza-fazl-ali-aqa","tabatabai","behbahani","taqizadeh","saad-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"sheikh-fazlollah-bast-shah-abdolazim","kind":"event","title":"بست‌نشینی شیخ فضل‌الله نوری در شاه‌عبدالعظیم و نشر لوایح ضد مجلس","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/sheikh-fazlollah-bast-shah-abdolazim","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/sheikh-fazlollah-bast-shah-abdolazim","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/sheikh-fazlollah-bast-shah-abdolazim?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱ تیر ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۱ تیر ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۲۲ ژوئن ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":4,"solarDay":1,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":6,"gregorianDay":22},"endDate":{"shamsi":"۲۵ شهریور ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۲۵ شهریور ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۱۶ سپتامبر ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":6,"solarDay":25,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":9,"gregorianDay":16},"aliases":["بست شیخ فضل‌الله","فتنه مشروعه‌خواهان","لوایح شیخ فضل‌الله","تحصن زاویه مقدسه"],"personIds":["sheikh-fazlollah","mohammad-ali-person","tabatabai","behbahani","akhund-khorasani","seyyed-kazem-yazdi"]},{"id":"ottoman-incursion-urmia-1286","kind":"event","title":"تجاوز نظامی عثمانی به سرحدات غربی و بحران ارومیه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/ottoman-incursion-urmia-1286","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/ottoman-incursion-urmia-1286","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/ottoman-incursion-urmia-1286?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۵ تیر ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۱۵ تیر ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۶ ژوئیه ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":4,"solarDay":15,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":7,"gregorianDay":6},"endDate":{"shamsi":"۱۰ شهریور ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۱۰ شهریور ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۱ سپتامبر ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":6,"solarDay":10,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":9,"gregorianDay":1},"aliases":["غائله ارومیه","تهاجم عثمانی به مرزهای غرب","اشغال مرگور و ترگور"],"personIds":["amin-al-soltan","farmanfarma-person","mostashar-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"atabak-killed","kind":"event","title":"ترور میرزا علی‌اصغرخان اتابک اعظم در بهارستان","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/atabak-killed","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/atabak-killed","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/atabak-killed?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۸ شهریور ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۸ شهریور ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۳۱ اوت ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":6,"solarDay":8,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":8,"gregorianDay":31},"endDate":null,"aliases":["ترور اتابک","قتل امین‌السلطان","عباس‌آقا تبریزی","واقعه بهارستان"],"personIds":["amin-al-soltan","mohammad-ali-person","haydar-khan","abbas-aqa-tabrizi","behbahani"]},{"id":"anglo-russian-1907","kind":"event","title":"قرارداد ۱۹۰۷ سن‌پترزبورگ","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/anglo-russian-1907","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/anglo-russian-1907","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/anglo-russian-1907?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۹ شهریور ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۹ شهریور ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۳۱ اوت ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":6,"solarDay":9,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":8,"gregorianDay":31},"endDate":null,"aliases":["قرارداد ۱۹۰۷","معاهده سن‌پترزبورگ","تقسیم ایران ۱۹۰۷"],"personIds":["mohammad-ali-person","taqizadeh"]},{"id":"supplementary-law","kind":"event","title":"امضای متمم قانون اساسی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/supplementary-law","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/supplementary-law","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/supplementary-law?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۵ مهر ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۱۵ مهر ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۷ اکتبر ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":7,"solarDay":15,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":10,"gregorianDay":7},"endDate":null,"aliases":["متمم قانون اساسی","اصل دوم","مشروطه مشروعه"],"personIds":["mohammad-ali-person","sheikh-fazlollah","tabatabai","behbahani","taqizadeh"]},{"id":"anjoman-khedmat","kind":"event","title":"انجمن خدمت و سوگند درباریان در بهارستان","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/anjoman-khedmat","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/anjoman-khedmat","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/anjoman-khedmat?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۵ مهر ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۵ مهر ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۲۷ سپتامبر ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":7,"solarDay":5,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":9,"gregorianDay":27},"endDate":null,"aliases":["انجمن خدمت","سوگند درباریان مهر ۱۲۸۶"],"personIds":["mohammad-ali-person","amir-bahador","ehtesham-al-saltaneh","ala-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"ashub-meydan-tupkhaneh","kind":"event","title":"آشوب میدان توپخانه و محاصرهٔ بهارستان","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/ashub-meydan-tupkhaneh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/ashub-meydan-tupkhaneh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/ashub-meydan-tupkhaneh?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۵ آذر ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۱۵ آذر ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۶ دسامبر ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":9,"solarDay":15,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":12,"gregorianDay":6},"endDate":null,"aliases":["آشوب میدان توپخانه","آشوب توپخانه ۱۲۸۶","محاصره بهارستان آذر"],"personIds":["mohammad-ali-person","sheikh-fazlollah","tabatabai","behbahani","amir-bahador","saad-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"nuri-letter-to-aqa-najafi-di-1285","kind":"event","title":"نامهٔ شیخ فضل‌الله به آقا نجفی در باب مجلس شرعیه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/nuri-letter-to-aqa-najafi-di-1285","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/nuri-letter-to-aqa-najafi-di-1285","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/nuri-letter-to-aqa-najafi-di-1285?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲ تیر ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۲ تیر ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۲۳ ژوئن ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":4,"solarDay":2,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":6,"gregorianDay":23},"endDate":null,"aliases":["نامه نوری به نجفی","عشر مما ینبت"],"personIds":["sheikh-fazlollah","aqa-najafi"]},{"id":"ruh-ol-qods-notq-gheybi","kind":"event","title":"گفتار روح‌القدس: نطق غیبی سلطان‌العلماء","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/ruh-ol-qods-notq-gheybi","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/ruh-ol-qods-notq-gheybi","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/ruh-ol-qods-notq-gheybi?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۴ آبان ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۱۴ آبان ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۶ نوامبر ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":8,"solarDay":14,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":11,"gregorianDay":6},"endDate":null,"aliases":["نطق غیبی","روح‌القدس ۱۴ آبان","سلطان‌العلماء"],"personIds":["sultan-ol-ulama","mohammad-ali-person","abbas-aqa-tabrizi"]},{"id":"sokmanabad-khoy-1286","kind":"event","title":"جنگ سکمن‌آباد و تلگراف اقبال‌السلطنه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/sokmanabad-khoy-1286","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/sokmanabad-khoy-1286","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/sokmanabad-khoy-1286?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۱ شهریور ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۲۱ شهریور ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۱۳ سپتامبر ۱۹۰۷","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":6,"solarDay":21,"gregorianYear":1907,"gregorianMonth":9,"gregorianDay":13},"endDate":null,"aliases":["سکمن‌آباد","جنگ خوی ۱۲۸۶","تلگراف اقبال‌السلطنه"],"personIds":["eqbal-al-saltaneh-maku","farmanfarma-person"]},{"id":"shah-assassination-attempt","kind":"event","title":"سوءقصد به کالسکه محمدعلی‌شاه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/shah-assassination-attempt","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/shah-assassination-attempt","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/shah-assassination-attempt?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۹ اسفند ۱۲۸۶","imperial":"۹ اسفند ۲۴۶۶","gregorian":"۲۸ فوریه ۱۹۰۸","solarYear":1286,"solarMonth":12,"solarDay":9,"gregorianYear":1908,"gregorianMonth":2,"gregorianDay":28},"endDate":null,"aliases":["بمب دوشان‌تپه","سوءقصد به محمدعلی‌شاه"],"personIds":["mohammad-ali-person","haydar-khan"]},{"id":"majlis-bombarded","kind":"event","title":"به توپ بستن مجلس و واقعه باغشاه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/majlis-bombarded","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/majlis-bombarded","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/majlis-bombarded?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲ تیر ۱۲۸۷","imperial":"۲ تیر ۲۴۶۷","gregorian":"۲۳ ژوئن ۱۹۰۸","solarYear":1287,"solarMonth":4,"solarDay":2,"gregorianYear":1908,"gregorianMonth":6,"gregorianDay":23},"endDate":null,"aliases":["بمباران مجلس","کودتای ۲۳ ژوئن","واقعه باغشاه","استبداد صغیر"],"personIds":["mohammad-ali-person","liakhov","shapshal","amir-bahador","malek-al-motekallemin","jahangir-khan","tabatabai","behbahani","taqizadeh","dehkhoda","sultan-ol-ulama"]},{"id":"tabriz-siege","kind":"event","title":"مقاومت ۱۱ ماهه تبریز و پایداری ستارخان","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/tabriz-siege","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/tabriz-siege","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/tabriz-siege?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"تیر ۱۲۸۷","imperial":"تیر ۲۴۶۷","gregorian":"ژوئن ۱۹۰۸","solarYear":1287,"solarMonth":4,"gregorianYear":1908,"gregorianMonth":6},"endDate":{"shamsi":"اردیبهشت ۱۲۸۸","imperial":"اردیبهشت ۲۴۶۸","gregorian":"آوریل ۱۹۰۹","solarYear":1288,"solarMonth":2,"gregorianYear":1909,"gregorianMonth":4},"aliases":["مقاومت تبریز","محاصره تبریز","امیرخیز","ستارخان"],"personIds":["sattar-khan","baqer-khan","ali-monsieur","baskerville","rahim-khan","ain-al-dowleh","seqat-al-islam","sepehdar","mohammad-ali-person","eqbal-al-saltaneh-maku","haydar-khan"]},{"id":"tehran-opened","kind":"event","title":"فتح تهران و اعادهٔ مشروطیت","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/tehran-opened","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/tehran-opened","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/tehran-opened?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۲ تیر ۱۲۸۸","imperial":"۲۲ تیر ۲۴۶۸","gregorian":"۱۳ ژوئیه ۱۹۰۹","solarYear":1288,"solarMonth":4,"solarDay":22,"gregorianYear":1909,"gregorianMonth":7,"gregorianDay":13},"endDate":null,"aliases":["فتح تهران","اعاده مشروطه","خلع محمدعلی‌شاه","۲۲ تیر ۱۲۸۸"],"personIds":["sardar-asad","sepehdar","yeprem","mohammad-ali-person","samsam"]},{"id":"ahmad-enthroned","kind":"event","title":"خلع محمدعلی‌شاه و پادشاهی احمدشاه قاجار","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/ahmad-enthroned","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/ahmad-enthroned","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/ahmad-enthroned?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۲۵ تیر ۱۲۸۸","imperial":"۲۵ تیر ۲۴۶۸","gregorian":"۱۶ ژوئیه ۱۹۰۹","solarYear":1288,"solarMonth":4,"solarDay":25,"gregorianYear":1909,"gregorianMonth":7,"gregorianDay":16},"endDate":null,"aliases":["پادشاهی احمدشاه","مجلس عالی بهارستان","تاج‌گذاری احمدشاه"],"personIds":["ahmad-person","mohammad-ali-person","sardar-asad","sepehdar"]},{"id":"nuri-executed","kind":"event","title":"محاکمه و اعدام شیخ فضل‌الله نوری","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/nuri-executed","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/nuri-executed","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/nuri-executed?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۱ مرداد ۱۲۸۸","imperial":"۱۱ مرداد ۲۴۶۸","gregorian":"۳۱ ژوئیه ۱۹۰۹","solarYear":1288,"solarMonth":5,"solarDay":11,"gregorianYear":1909,"gregorianMonth":7,"gregorianDay":31},"endDate":null,"aliases":["اعدام شیخ فضل‌الله","دار زدن نوری","میدان توپخانه ۱۲۸۸"],"personIds":["sheikh-fazlollah","sardar-asad","yeprem"]},{"id":"park-atabak","kind":"event","title":"واقعه پارک اتابک و خلع سلاح مجاهدین","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/park-atabak","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/park-atabak","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/park-atabak?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۱۶ مرداد ۱۲۸۹","imperial":"۱۶ مرداد ۲۴۶۹","gregorian":"۷ اوت ۱۹۱۰","solarYear":1289,"solarMonth":5,"solarDay":16,"gregorianYear":1910,"gregorianMonth":8,"gregorianDay":7},"endDate":null,"aliases":["پارک اتابک","خلع سلاح مجاهدین","زخمی شدن ستارخان"],"personIds":["sattar-khan","baqer-khan","yeprem","sardar-asad"]},{"id":"russian-ultimatum","kind":"event","title":"اولتیماتوم روسیه و انحلال مجلس دوم","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/ruydad/russian-ultimatum","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/russian-ultimatum","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/event/russian-ultimatum?format=md","date":{"shamsi":"۳ آذر ۱۲۹۰","imperial":"۳ آذر ۲۴۷۰","gregorian":"۲۴ نوامبر ۱۹۱۱","solarYear":1290,"solarMonth":9,"solarDay":3,"gregorianYear":1911,"gregorianMonth":11,"gregorianDay":24},"endDate":null,"aliases":["اولتیماتوم روس","اخراج شوستر","بستن مجلس دوم","عاشورای تبریز"],"personIds":["shuster","naser-al-molk","seqat-al-islam","taqizadeh"]}],"monarchs":[{"id":"soltan-hoseyn","kind":"monarch","name":"شاه سلطان حسین","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shah/soltan-hoseyn","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/soltan-hoseyn","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/soltan-hoseyn?format=md","dynasty":"safavid","reignShamsi":"۱۰۷۳–۱۱۰۱","personIds":[]},{"id":"tahmasp-ii","kind":"monarch","name":"طهماسب دوم","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shah/tahmasp-ii","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/tahmasp-ii","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/tahmasp-ii?format=md","dynasty":"safavid","reignShamsi":"۱۱۰۱–۱۱۱۱","personIds":[]},{"id":"nader-shah","kind":"monarch","name":"نادرشاه افشار","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shah/nader-shah","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/nader-shah","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/nader-shah?format=md","dynasty":"afshar","reignShamsi":"۱۱۱۴–۱۱۲۶","personIds":[]},{"id":"karim-khan","kind":"monarch","name":"کریم‌خان زند","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shah/karim-khan","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/karim-khan","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/karim-khan?format=md","dynasty":"zand","reignShamsi":"۱۱۳۰–۱۱۵۸","personIds":[]},{"id":"lotf-ali-khan","kind":"monarch","name":"لطفعلی‌خان زند","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shah/lotf-ali-khan","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/lotf-ali-khan","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/lotf-ali-khan?format=md","dynasty":"zand","reignShamsi":"۱۱۶۸–۱۱۷۳","personIds":[]},{"id":"agha-mohammad-khan","kind":"monarch","name":"آقامحمدخان قاجار","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shah/agha-mohammad-khan","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/agha-mohammad-khan","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/agha-mohammad-khan?format=md","dynasty":"qajar","reignShamsi":"۱۱۷۵–۱۱۷۶","personIds":[]},{"id":"fath-ali-shah","kind":"monarch","name":"فتحعلی‌شاه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shah/fath-ali-shah","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/fath-ali-shah","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/fath-ali-shah?format=md","dynasty":"qajar","reignShamsi":"۱۱۷۶–۱۲۱۳","personIds":[]},{"id":"mohammad-shah","kind":"monarch","name":"محمدشاه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shah/mohammad-shah","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/mohammad-shah","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/mohammad-shah?format=md","dynasty":"qajar","reignShamsi":"۱۲۱۳–۱۲۲۷","personIds":[]},{"id":"naser-al-din","kind":"monarch","name":"ناصرالدین‌شاه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shah/naser-al-din","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/naser-al-din","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/naser-al-din?format=md","dynasty":"qajar","reignShamsi":"۱۲۲۷–۱۲۷۵","personIds":["amir-kabir","sepasalar","malkom","asadabadi"]},{"id":"mozaffar-al-din","kind":"monarch","name":"مظفرالدین‌شاه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shah/mozaffar-al-din","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/mozaffar-al-din","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/mozaffar-al-din?format=md","dynasty":"qajar","reignShamsi":"۱۲۷۵–۱۲۸۵","personIds":["mozaffar-person","ain-al-dowleh","amin-al-soltan","amin-al-dowleh"]},{"id":"mohammad-ali-shah","kind":"monarch","name":"محمدعلی‌شاه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shah/mohammad-ali-shah","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/mohammad-ali-shah","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/mohammad-ali-shah?format=md","dynasty":"qajar","reignShamsi":"۱۲۸۵–۱۲۸۸","personIds":["mohammad-ali-person","liakhov","amir-bahador","shapshal","sheikh-fazlollah"]},{"id":"ahmad-shah","kind":"monarch","name":"احمدشاه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shah/ahmad-shah","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/ahmad-shah","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/ahmad-shah?format=md","dynasty":"qajar","reignShamsi":"۱۲۸۸–۱۳۰۴","personIds":["ahmad-person","naser-al-molk","sepehdar","sardar-asad"]},{"id":"reza-shah","kind":"monarch","name":"رضاشاه بزرگ","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shah/reza-shah","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/reza-shah","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/reza-shah?format=md","dynasty":"pahlavi","reignShamsi":"۱۳۰۴–۱۳۲۰","personIds":[]},{"id":"mohammad-reza-shah","kind":"monarch","name":"محمدرضاشاه پهلوی","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/shah/mohammad-reza-shah","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/mohammad-reza-shah","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/monarch/mohammad-reza-shah?format=md","dynasty":"pahlavi","reignShamsi":"۱۳۲۰–۱۳۵۷","personIds":[]}],"periods":[{"id":"fall-safavid","kind":"period","title":"فرجام صفویه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/dowreh/fall-safavid","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/fall-safavid","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/fall-safavid?format=md","startSolar":1073,"endSolar":1114},{"id":"naderi","kind":"period","title":"کشورگشایی نادری","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/dowreh/naderi","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/naderi","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/naderi?format=md","startSolar":1114,"endSolar":1126},{"id":"zand","kind":"period","title":"فاصلهٔ زند","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/dowreh/zand","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/zand","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/zand?format=md","startSolar":1130,"endSolar":1173},{"id":"qajar-founding","kind":"period","title":"بنیان قاجار","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/dowreh/qajar-founding","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/qajar-founding","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/qajar-founding?format=md","startSolar":1173,"endSolar":1227},{"id":"naseri","kind":"period","title":"عصر ناصری","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/dowreh/naseri","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/naseri","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/naseri?format=md","startSolar":1227,"endSolar":1275},{"id":"tobacco","kind":"period","title":"نهضت تنباکو","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/dowreh/tobacco","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/tobacco","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/tobacco?format=md","startSolar":1269,"endSolar":1271},{"id":"mozaffari","kind":"period","title":"عصر مظفری","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/dowreh/mozaffari","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/mozaffari","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/mozaffari?format=md","startSolar":1275,"endSolar":1284},{"id":"mashruteh","kind":"period","title":"جنبش مشروطه","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/dowreh/mashruteh","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/mashruteh","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/mashruteh?format=md","startSolar":1284,"endSolar":1287},{"id":"minor-tyranny","kind":"period","title":"استبداد صغیر","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/dowreh/minor-tyranny","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/minor-tyranny","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/minor-tyranny?format=md","startSolar":1287,"endSolar":1288},{"id":"second-majlis","kind":"period","title":"مجلس دوم و اولتیماتوم","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/dowreh/second-majlis","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/second-majlis","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/second-majlis?format=md","startSolar":1288,"endSolar":1290},{"id":"collapse-qajar","kind":"period","title":"جنگ و برافتادن قاجار","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/dowreh/collapse-qajar","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/collapse-qajar","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/collapse-qajar?format=md","startSolar":1293,"endSolar":1304},{"id":"pahlavi-i","kind":"period","title":"پهلوی نخست","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/dowreh/pahlavi-i","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/pahlavi-i","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/pahlavi-i?format=md","startSolar":1304,"endSolar":1320},{"id":"pahlavi-ii","kind":"period","title":"پهلوی دوم","href":"https://mashrooteh.org/dowreh/pahlavi-ii","json":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/pahlavi-ii","md":"https://mashrooteh.org/api/entries/period/pahlavi-ii?format=md","startSolar":1320,"endSolar":1357}],"sources":[{"id":"kasravi","title":"تاریخ مشروطهٔ ایران","author":"احمد کسروی","kind":"primary"},{"id":"kasravi-azarbaijan","title":"تاریخ هیجده‌سالهٔ آذربایجان","author":"احمد کسروی","kind":"primary"},{"id":"nazem","title":"تاریخ بیداری ایرانیان","author":"ناظم‌الاسلام کرمانی","kind":"participant"},{"id":"dowlatabadi","title":"حیات یحیی","author":"یحیی دولت‌آبادی","kind":"participant"},{"id":"malekzadeh","title":"تاریخ انقلاب مشروطیت ایران","author":"مهدی ملک‌زاده","kind":"participant"},{"id":"browne","title":"The Persian Revolution of 1905–1909","author":"ادوارد گرانویل براون","kind":"contemporary"},{"id":"hedayat","title":"خاطرات و خطرات","author":"مهدی‌قلی هدایت (مخبرالسلطنه)","kind":"memoir"},{"id":"adamiyat","title":"ایدئولوژی نهضت مشروطیت ایران","author":"فریدون آدمیت","kind":"synthesis"},{"id":"khadem","title":"ماجرای مشروطه","author":"امیر خادم","kind":"synthesis"},{"id":"etimad","title":"روزنامهٔ خاطرات اعتمادالسلطنه","author":"محمدحسن خان اعتمادالسلطنه","kind":"memoir"},{"id":"mohit","title":"مجموعه آثار و اسناد صدر مشروطه","author":"محمد محیط طباطبایی","kind":"synthesis"},{"id":"sharif-kashani","title":"واقعات اتفاقیه در روزگار","author":"شیخ مهدی شریف کاشانی","kind":"participant"},{"id":"ehtesham-memoirs","title":"خاطرات احتشام‌السلطنه","author":"محمودخان احتشام‌السلطنه","kind":"memoir"}]}